(3) The ground for the distinction between ‘Martyrs’ and ‘Great Martyrs’
is not apparent. ‘Hieromartyrs’ are martyrs who were bishops or priests;
‘Hosiomartyrs’ are martyrs who were living as religious. Thekla, as well
as Stephen, is ‘Protomartyr.’
(4) The word ‘Apostle’ is not confined to the twelve. The seventy
disciples whom the Lord sent forth are the ‘Seventy Apostles,’ among
whom were reckoned many of the persons named in the salutations of St
Paul’s Epistles. And the word is also applied to certain companions or
acquaintances of St Paul, as _e.g._ Ananias of Damascus, Agabus, Titus,
etc. ‘Equal to the Apostles’ (_Isapostolos_) is applied (_a_) to very
early saints, _e.g._ Abercius of Hierapolis, Mary Magdalene, Junia,
Thekla, etc.; and (_b_) to great princes who were distinguished for their
services to the Church, as Constantine and Helena.
‘Wonder-worker’ (_thaumaturgos_) is used of various saints famous for
their miracles, as _e.g._ Charilampes (Feb. 10), Spiridion (Dec. 12),
Gregory, bishop of Neocaesarea in Pontus (Nov. 17), the Saint Elizabeth
(April 24), of uncertain date, who never washed her body with water, and
others.
John, son of Zacharias and Elizabeth, who with us is the Baptist, appears
as the Precursor or Forerunner (_Prodromos_). He figures much in the
services of the Church: and several days are dedicated to his honour;
his Conception (Sept. 23), his Nativity (June 24), his Decollation (Aug.
29) and the great feast known as his Synaxis (Jan. 7). In addition, the
first and second finding of his head is commemorated on Feb. 24, and the
third finding of his head on May 25.
St Mary the Virgin is almost invariably the Theotokos, and Joachim and
Anna are the Theopator and Theometor (Sept. 9).
The ‘unmercenary’ (_anarguroi_) saints are generally physicians who
took no fees, as Cosmas and Damian, Cyrus and his companion John, and
Pantaleon.
The term _Synaxis_ in such phrases as the Synaxis of the Archangel
Michael (Nov. 8), the Synaxis of the Theotokos (Dec. 26), the Synaxis
of the seventy Apostles (Jan. 4), the Synaxis of the Forerunner (Jan.
7), the Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel (March 26), the Synaxis of the
twelve Apostles (June 30), is not easily rendered into English; and its
precise significance (as used in the Kalendar) is not obvious. It is
sometimes used for a gathering or assembly of people; but more commonly
it is employed to signify a Eucharistic Communion[171].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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