The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythræan Sea: Being a Translation of the Periplus Maris Erythræi, by an Anonymous Writer, and of Arrian's Account of the Voyage of Nearkhos, from the Mouth of the Indus to the Head of the Persian Gulf
History
The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythræan Sea: Being a Translation of the Periplus Maris Erythræi, by an Anonymous Writer, and of Arrian's Account of the Voyage of Nearkhos, from the Mouth of the Indus to the Head of the Persian Gulf
Classical geography; Geography, Ancient; India -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; Indian Ocean Region -- Commerce -- History
+Kanê+, to which there was an easy communication by the valley
of +Meifah+. This place, however, can hardly be regarded as
+Sabbatha+ without setting aside the distances given by Ptolemy,
and Wellsted moreover learned from the natives that other ruins of a
city of not less size were to be met with near a village called Esan,
which could be reached by a three days’ journey.—(See Haines, _Mem. of
the S. Coast of Arab._)
28. From Egypt it imports, like Mouza, corn and a little wheat, cloths
for the Arabian market, both of the common sort and the plain, and
large quantities of a sort that is adulterated; also copper, tin,
coral, styrax, and all the other articles enumerated at Mouza. Besides
these there are brought also, principally for the king, wrought silver
plate, and specie as well as horses and carved images, and plain
cloth of a superior quality. Its exports are its indigenous products,
frankincense and aloes, and such commodities as it shares in common
with other marts on the same coast. Ships sail for this port at the
same season of the year as those bound for Mouza, but earlier.
(28) With regard to the staple product of this region—frankincense,
the _Periplûs_ informs us that it was brought for exportation to
+Kanê+. It was however in the first place, if we may credit
Pliny, conveyed to the Metropolis. He says (xv. 32) that when gathered
it was carried into +Sabota+ on camels which could enter the city
only by one particular gate, and that to take it by any other route
was a crime punished by death. The priests, he adds, take a tithe for
a deity named +Sabis+, and that until this impost is paid, the
article cannot be sold.
Some writers would identify +Sabbatha+ with +Mariabo+
(Marab), but on insufficient grounds. It has also been conjectured
that the name may be a lengthened form of +Saba+ (Sheba), a
common appellation for cities in Arabia Felix. [Müller places Sabbatha
at Sawa, lat. 16° 13´ N., long. 48° 9´ E.]
29. As you proceed from +Kanê+ the land retires more and more,
and there succeeds another very deep and far-stretching gulf,
+Sakhalitês+ by name, and also the frankincense country, which is
mountainous and difficult of access, having a dense air loaded with
vapours [and] the frankincense exhaled from the trees. These trees,
which are not of any great size or height, yield their incense in the
form of a concretion on the bark, just as several of our trees in Egypt
exude gum. The incense is collected by the hand of the king’s slaves,
and malefactors condemned to this service as a punishment. The country
is unhealthy in the extreme:—pestilential even to those who sail along
the coast, and mortal to the poor wretches who gather the incense, who
also suffer from lack of food, which readily cuts them off.
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