“First, whereas my lord, upon observation of the modern commonwealths,
is of opinion that an agrarian is not necessary: it must be confessed
that at the first sight of them there is some appearance favoring
his assertion, but upon accidents of no precedent to us. For the
commonwealths of Switzerland and Holland, I mean of those leagues, being
situated in countries not alluring the inhabitants to wantonness, but
obliging them to universal industry, have an implicit agrarian in the
nature of them: and being not obnoxious to a growing nobility (which,
as long as their former monarchies had spread the wing over them, could
either not at all be hatched, or was soon broken) are of no example to
us, whose experience in this point has been to the contrary. But what if
even in these governments there be indeed an explicit agrarian? For when
the law commands an equal or near equal distribution of a man’s estate
in land among his children, as it is done in those countries, a nobility
cannot grow; and so there needs no agrarian, or rather there is one.
And for the growth of the nobility in Venice (if so it be, for Machiavel
observes in that republic, as a cause of it, a great mediocrity of
estates) it is not a point that she is to fear, but might study, seeing
she consists of nothing else but nobility, by which, whatever their
estates suck from the people, especially if it comes equally, is
digested into the better blood of that commonwealth, which is all, or
the greatest, benefit they can have by accumulation. For how unequal
soever you will have them to be in their incomes, they have officers
of the pomp, to bring them equal in expenses, or at least in the
ostentation or show of them. And so unless the advantage of an estate
consists more in the measure than in the use of it, the authority of
Venice does but enforce our agrarian; nor shall a man evade or elude the
prudence of it, by the authority of any other commonwealth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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