The Commune of London, and other studiesRound, John Horace
History
The Commune of London, and other studies
Round, John Horace
Great Britain -- History -- Norman period, 1066-1154; London (England) -- History -- To 1500
There is a marginal note in the Red Book returns for Wilts,
now partially illegible, but (_sic_) which clearly records the
loss of the Inquisition of several of the Hundreds of that
county, while a precisely similar note is entered on the dorse
of one of the original returns for Norfolk in the _Testa_ (p.
ccxxiv.).[533]
The view I advance at once explains and is confirmed by the remarkable
allusion to this Inquest in the ‘Annals of Waverley’:
(1212) Idem (rex) scripsit vicecomitibus ut _per singulos
hundredos_ facerent homines jurare quæ terræ essent de
dominico prædecessorum suorum regum antiquitus, et qualiter a
manibus regum exierint, et qui eas modo tenent et pro quibus
servitiis.
There can, in my opinion, be no question whatever that this refers to
the writ ordering the great Inquest of service in 1212. This is printed
in the ‘Testa’ (p. 54), and as an appendix to the ‘Red Book’ (p.
cclxxxv.). It is too lengthy to be quoted entire, but in it are found
these words:
De tenementis omnibus quæ antiquitus de nobis aut de
progenitoribus nostris regibus Angliæ teneri solent, quæ sint
data vel alienata ... et nomina illorum qui ea teneant et per
quod servitium.
The only difference is that the writ leaves the method of inquest to
the sheriff’s discretion (“sicut melius inquiri poterit”) while the
chronicler says it was to be made Hundred by Hundred, which, as we have
seen, was probably the method adopted.
In the ‘Testa’ the writ is not dated, but the copy printed by Mr. Hall
is dated June 1 (1212) at Westminster. This seems but short notice
for a return due on June 25, but it is remarkable that the ‘Annals of
Waverley’ mention it in conjunction with a writ dated June 7, which
certainly favours the statement. This latter writ directs an enquiry as
to the ecclesiastical benefices held under gift of the prelates lately
exiled from the realm.[534] It is remarkable that the Worcester returns
to the great Inquest of service in 1212 are followed by a return made
to such an enquiry:
Inquisicio ecclesiarum. Maugerius episcopus dedit ecclesiam
de Rippel’ Willelmo de Bosco clerico suo et vicariam ejusdem
ecclesie dedit Ricardo de Sancto Paterno clerico suo. Qui
Ricardus reddit predicto Willelmo x marcas de pensione. Ecclesia
autem integra valet per annum L marcas.
Idem episcopus dedit ecclesiam de Hambur’ juxta Wych magistro
Ricardo de Cirencestra, que valet per annum x marcas (‘Testa,’
p. 44).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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