The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French works
Gower, John
Poetry
(_c_) The French terminations _-aire_ and _-oire_, from Lat. _-arius_,
_-oria_, _-orius_, are employed by Gower both in his French and
English works in their Continental forms, the older Anglo-Norman
_-arie_, _-orie_, which passed into English, being hardly found in his
writings. The following are some of the words in question, most of
which occur in the _Confessio Amantis_ in the same form: _adversaire_,
_contraire_ (_contrere_), _doaire_, _essamplaire_, _lettuaire_,
_necessaire_, _saintuaire_; _consistoire_, _Gregoire_, _histoire_,
_memoire_, _purgatoire_, _victoire_. We have however exceptionally
_rectorie_ 16136, accented to rhyme with _simonye_, and also (from
Lat. _-erium_) _misterie_ (by the side of _misteire_) accented on the
ante-penultimate.
iii. French _ei_ not before a nasal.
This diphthong, which appears usually as _ei_ in the Anglo-Norman
texts of the thirteenth century, is here regularly represented by _oi_
and levelled, as in the French of the Continent, with original French
_oi_. In its relations to _e_ and _ai_ it has already been spoken
of; at present we merely note that the later French form is adopted
by our author with some few exceptions both in stems and flexion.
Isolated exceptions are _deis_ (debes) for _dois_, _heir_ by the side
of _hoir_, _lampreie_, _malveis_ (also _malvois_, _malves_), _teille_,
and _vei_ (vide) from _veoir_; also in verbs of the _-ceivre_ class
and in derivatives from them it is often retained, as _resceivre_
(but _reçoit_, _resçoivre_), _receipte_, _conceipt_ (also _conçoit_),
_conceive_, _deceite_, &c. Under the influence of rhyme we have in
6301 ff. _espleite_, _estreite_, _coveite_, rhyming with _deceite_,
_contrefeite_, _souffreite_, and 10117 ff. _pareies_ (parietes),
_veies_, _preies_, _moneies_ rhyming with _pareies_ and _journeies_
(for _parées_, _journées_); but elsewhere the forms are _exploite_,
_estroite_, _covoite_, _voie_, _proie_, _monoie_, and, in general,
Anglo-Norman forms such as _mei_, _rei_, _fei_, _treis_, _Engleis_,
have disappeared before the French _moi_, _roi_, _foy_, _trois_, &c.
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