The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French works — John Shaqi
The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French works
Gower, John
Poetry
The only cases that I propose to speak of here are the terminations
of substantives and adjectives corresponding to the Latin _-orem_,
_-osus_, or in imitation of these forms. Our author has here regularly
_ou_; there is hardly a trace of the older forms in _-or_, _-ur_, and
_-os_, _-us_, and surprisingly few accommodated to the Continental
_-eur_ and _-eus_. The following are most of the words of this class
which occur with the _-eur_, _-eus_, endings: _pescheur_ (piscatorem),
_fleur_, _greigneur_, _honeur_, _meilleur_, _seigneur_ (usually
_flour_, _greignour_, _honour_, _meillour_, _seignour_); _boscheus_,
_honteus_ (usually _hontous_), _joyeuse_ (fem.) but _joyous_ (masc.),
_oiceus_ (_oiseus_), _perceus_, _piteus_ (more often _pitous_). We
have also _blasphemus_, 2450, which may be meant for _blasphemous_,
and _prodegus_, 8425 ff., which is perhaps merely the Latin word
‘prodigus.’ Otherwise the terminations are regularly _-our_, _-ous_,
except where words in _-our_ vary to _-ure_, as _chalure_, for the sake
of rhyme. The following are some of them, and it will be seen that
those which passed into the literary English of the fourteenth century
for the most part appeared there with the same forms of spelling as
they have here. Indeed not a few, especially of the _-ous_ class, have
continued unchanged down to the present day.
In _-our_: _ardour_, _blanchour_, _brocour_, _chalour_ (also
_chalure_), _colour_, _combatour_, _confessour_, _conquerour_,
_correctour_, _currour_, _desirour_, _despisour_, _devorour_, _dolour_,
_emperour_ (also _empereour_, _emperere_), _executour_, _favour_,
_gouvernour_, _guerreiour_, _hisdour_, _honour_, _irrour_, _labour_,
_langour_, _lecchour_ (also _lecchier_), _liquour_, _mockeour_,
_palour_, _pastour_, _persecutour_, _portour_, _possessour_,
_pourchaçour_ (also _pourchacier_), _priour_, _procurour_ (also
_procurier_), _professour_, _proverbiour_ (_-ier_, _-er_), _questour_
(_-ier_), _rancour_, _robbeour_, _seignour_, _senatour_, _supplantour_,
_terrour_, _tricheour_, _valour_, _ven(e)our_, _venqueour_, _vigour_,
_visitour_.
In _-ous_: _amorous_, _averous_, _bataillous_, _bountevous_,
_busoignous_, _chivalerous_, _contagious_, _coragous_, _corouçous_,
_covoitous_, _dangerous_, _despitous_, _dolourous_, _enginous_,
_envious_, _famous_, _fructuous_, _glorious_, _gracious_, _grevous_,
_irrous_, _joyous_, _laborious_, _leccherous_, _litigious_,
_malencolious_, _merdous_, _merveillous_, _orguillous_, _perilous_,
_pitous_, _precious_, _presumptuous_, _ruinous_, _solicitous_,
_tricherous_, _venimous_, _vergondous_, _vertuous_, _vicious_,
_victorious_, _viscous_.
vi. French _ọ_ before nasal, Latin _ō_, _ŏ_, _u_.
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