The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French worksGower, John
General
The complete works of John Gower, volume 1 : $b The French works
Gower, John
Poetry
Again, if we are not to accept the theory of common authorship,
we can hardly account for the resemblance, and something more than
resemblance, in passages such as the description of Envy (_Mir._ 3805
ff., _Conf. Am._ ii. 3095, 3122 ff.), of Ingratitude (_Mir._ 6685
ff., _Conf. Am._ v. 4917 ff.), of the effects of intoxication (_Mir._
8138, 8246, _Conf. Am._ vi. 19, 71), of the flock made to wander among
the briars (_Mir._ 20161 ff., _Conf. Am. Prol._ 407 ff.), of the
vainglorious knight (_Mir._ 23893 ff., _Conf. Am._ iv. 1627 ff.), and
many others, not to mention those lines which occur here and there in
the _Confessio_ exactly reproduced from the _Mirour_, such as iv. 893,
‘Thanne is he wys after the hond,’
compared with _Mir._ 5436,
‘Lors est il sage apres la mein.’
_Conf. Am. Prol._ 213,
‘Of armes and of brigantaille,’
compared with _Mir._ 18675,
‘Ou d’armes ou du brigantaille,’
the context in this last case being also the same.
The parallels with the _Vox Clamantis_ are not less numerous and
striking, and as many of them as it seems necessary to mention are set
down in the Notes to the _Mirour_, especially in the latter part from
l. 18421 onwards.
Before dismissing the comparison with the _Confessio Amantis_, we may
call attention to two further points of likeness. First, though the
_Mirour_ is written in stanzas and the _Confessio_ in couplets, yet
the versification of the one distinctly suggests that of the other.
Both are in the same octosyllabic line, with the same rather monotonous
regularity of metre, and the stanza of the _Mirour_, containing, as it
does, no less than four pairs of lines which can be read as couplets so
far as the rhyme is concerned, often produces much the same effect as
the simple couplet. Secondly, in the structure of sentences there are
certain definite characteristics which produce themselves equally in
the French and the English work.
Resemblances of this latter kind will be pointed out in the Notes,
but a few may be set down here. For example, every reader of Gower’s
English is familiar with his trick of setting the conjunctions ‘and,’
‘but,’ &c., in the middle instead of at the beginning of the clause, as
in _Conf. Am. Prol._ 155,
‘With all his herte and make hem chiere,’
and similarly in the _Balades_, e.g. xx. i,
‘A mon avis mais il n’est pas ensi.’
Examples of this are common in the _Mirour_, as l. 100,
‘Pour noble cause et ensement
Estoiont fait,’
cp. 415, 4523, 7739, 7860, &c.
In other cases too there is a tendency to disarrangement of words
or clauses for the sake of metre or rhyme, as _Mir._ 15941, 17996,
compared with _Conf. Am._ ii. 2642, iv. 3520, v. 6807, &c.
Again, the author of the _Confessio Amantis_ is fond of repeating the
same form of expression in successive lines, e.g. _Prol._ 96 ff.,
‘Tho was the lif of man in helthe,
Tho was plente, tho was richesse,
Tho was the fortune of prouesse,’ &c.
Cp. _Prol._ 937, v. 2469, &c.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account