Wealth brings with it its own checks and balances. The basis of
political economy is non-interference. The only safe rule is found in
the self-adjusting meter of demand and supply. Do not legislate.
Meddle, and you snap the sinews with your sumptuary laws. Give no
bounties: make equal laws: secure life and property, and you need not
give alms. Open the doors of opportunity to talent and virtue, and they
will do themselves justice, and property will not be in bad hands. In a
free and just commonwealth, property rushes from the idle and imbecile,
to the industrious, brave, and persevering.
The laws of nature play through trade, as a toy-battery exhibits the
effects of electricity. The level of the sea is not more surely kept,
than is the equilibrium of value in society, by the demand and supply:
and artifice or legislation punishes itself, by reactions, gluts, and
bankruptcies. The sublime laws play indifferently through atoms and
galaxies. Whoever knows what happens in the getting and spending of a
loaf of bread and a pint of beer; that no wishing will change the
rigorous limits of pints and penny loaves; that, for all that is
consumed, so much less remains in the basket and pot; but what is gone
out of these is not wasted, but well spent, if it nourish his body, and
enable him to finish his task;—knows all of political economy that the
budgets of empires can teach him. The interest of petty economy is this
symbolization of the great economy; the way in which a house, and a
private man’s methods, tally with the solar system, and the laws of give
and take, throughout nature; and, however wary we are of the falsehoods
and petty tricks which we suicidally play off on each other, every man
has a certain satisfaction, whenever his dealing touches on the
inevitable facts; when he sees that things themselves dictate the price,
as they always tend to do, and, in large manufactures, are seen to do.
Your paper is not fine or coarse enough,—is too heavy, or too thin. The
manufacturer says, he will furnish you with just that thickness or
thinness you want; the pattern is quite indifferent to him; here is his
schedule;—any variety of paper, as cheaper or dearer, with the prices
annexed. A pound of paper costs so much, and you may have it made up in
any pattern you fancy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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