[73] See Ramsay, _Church in the Roman Empire_, p. 397. The Latins used the word _divinus_ in this way--Seneca, _de teata vita_, 26, 8. [74] (Lucian) Asinus, 37. The same tale is amplified in Apuleius' _Golden Ass_, where the episode of these priests is given with more detail, in the eighth book. Seneca hints that a little blood might make a fair show; see his picture of the same, _de beata vita_, 26, 8. [75] Tertullian, _ad Natt._ i, 10; Apel. 6. He has the strange fancy that Serapis was originally the Joseph of the book of Genesis, _ad Natt._ ii, 8. [76] Valerius Maximus, i, 3, 4. [77] Dio C. xlvii, 15. [78] Tibullus, i, 3, 23 f. Cf. Propertius, ii, 28, 45; Ovid, _A.A._ iii, 635. [79] Juvenal, vi, 522 f. [80] Lucan, viii, 831, _Isin semideosque canes_. [81] Ovid, _Am._ ii, 13, 7. [82] Unless _Isiaci coniectores_ is Cicero's own phrase, _de Div._ i, 58, 132. [83] Cicero, _Div._ ii, 59, 121. For _egkolmesis_ or _incubatio_ see Mary Hamilton, _Incubation_ (1906) [84] Clem. Alex. Paedag. iii, 28, to the same effect. Tertullian on the temples, _de Pud._ c. 5. Reference may be made to the hierodules of the temples in ancient Asia and in modern India. [85] _Corp. Inscr. Lai._ ii, 3386. The enumeration of the jewels was a safeguard against theft. [86] Flinders Petrie, _Religion of Ancient Egypt_, p. 44; Hamilton, _Incubation_, pp. 174, 182 f. [87] Julian, _Or._ iv, 136 B. [88] Lucr. v, 1194. [89] Lucr. i, 62-79. [90] See Patin, _La Poesie Latine_, i, 120. [91] Lucr. iii, 60 f. [92] Pliny, _N.H._ xxx, 12, 13. Warde Fowler, _Roman Festivals_, pp. 111 f. on the _Argei_ and the whole question of human sacrifice. For Plutarch's explanation of it as due not to gods but to evil demons who enforced it, see p. 107. [93] Pliny, _N.H._ xxviii, 12; Plutarch, _Marcellus_, 3, where, however, the meaning may only be that the rites are done in symbol; he refers to the actual sacrifice of human beings in the past. See Tertullian, _Apol._ 9 on sacrifice of children in Africa in the reign of Tiberius. [94] Strabo, c. 239. Strabo was a contemporary of Augustus. Cf. J. G. Frazer, _Adonis Attis Osiris_, p. 63, for another instance in this period. [95] Lucr. v, 1204-1240. We may compare Browning's _Bp. Blougram_ on the instability of unbelief:-- Just when we are safest, there's a sunset-touch, A fancy from a flower-bell, some one's death, A chorus-ending from Euripides-- And that's enough for fifty hopes and fears As old and new at once as nature's self, To rap and knock and enter in our soul, Take hands and dance there, a fantastic ring, Round the ancient idol, on his base again,-- The grand Perhaps! We look on helplessly. [96] Lucr. iii, 53. [97] Seneca, _Ep._ 95, 33. {33} CHAPTER II THE STOICS