_japa_,[195] or “devotion by means of beads, stripes of cloth, ejaculations, mental or loud repetition of the names and attributes of God;” 3. _Sama_,[196] which is, “tranquillity and satisfaction;” 4. _Suchi_,[197] or “purity, sanctity, perfection;” 5. _Iśa-pútcha_,[198] “worshipping and praising God.” _Asana_, the third of the eight parts of the yoga, means “sitting in some particular posture,” various kinds of which are used among them. _Pránáyama_, the fourth part, consists in “drawing in and letting out the breath, according to an established mode and fixed rule.” _Pratyá hára_, the fifth part, signifies “withdrawing the heart from all the desires and attractions of the five senses; and keeping away from all sorts of lust, the sight of beauty, the odor of the rose and of sandal, and from all material and exterior enjoyments.” _Dhárana_,[199] the sixth part, implies that, “in the heart of the cone-bearing tree, which is the centre of the bosom, and which the people of India have compared to the flower of a pond (_lotus_), the heart holds a fixed habitation; that is, they guard it in that place.” _Dhyána_, the seventh part, is the remembrance of God the Almighty. _Samadhárana_, the eighth part, signifies that the heart, attached to the work of God, forgets the work of the world, in such a manner that in his presence, turned towards him, it remains absorbed in him, and feels itself lightened of all exterior sense and satisfied. The wise, who carries these eight parts to a high degree of perfection, hears and sees from afar; his pure knowledge elevates him; and he becomes strong in the science of Yog, which is the science of the union with the desired object; the all-bounteous God regards him with pity, and discards all pains, all sicknesses, all wants, and all deficiencies from his existence. According to this sect, it is by attaining to these eight conditions, that _Mukt_, which signifies “emancipation,” is acquired. This is the substance of the doctrine of the Yogís; now, I will relate something of the opinions and actions of these sectaries, who have been noticed in this time as professing the doctrine of the _Yog_. The Yogís are a class well known in India, and _yóga_, in the Sanskrit language, means “union;” they believe that they unite with God, whom they call _Alíka_,[200] and according to their creed he is the divinity by excellence; moreover his being is to be venerated under the name of _Gorakhnáth_;[201] in like manner, _Mach’henáernáth_[202] and _Chórengínáth_[203] are great personages or saints. They believe Brahma, Vichnu, and Mahadeva to be subordinate divinities, but they are, as followers and disciples, addicted to Gorakhnath; thus, some devote themselves to the one or the other of the deities.