The Daguerreian Journal, Vol. I, No. 8, March 1, 1851Various
Science
The Daguerreian Journal, Vol. I, No. 8, March 1, 1851
Various
Daguerreotype; Photography -- Periodicals
Dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, solution of sulphate of
copper, of potash, and of acetate of lead. The object of using acetate
of lead, was the following:--With this solution peroxide of lead is
precipitated upon the anode; and, this substance being insoluble in
nitric acid, it was hoped that the pure silver parts of the plate, being
more closely invested with a stratum of peroxide than the mercurialized
portions, these latter would, when immersed in this menstruum, be
attacked, and thus furnish a negative etching. I was also not altogether
without hopes of some curious effects, from the color of the thin films
thus thrown down; here, however, I was disappointed; the colors succeeded
each other as much as in the steel plate used for the metallochrome; but
With inferior lustre. On immersion in nitric acid of different degrees
of dilution, the plates were unequally attacked, and the etching burred
and imperfect. Of the other solutions, hydrochloric acid was, after many
experiments, fixed on as decidedly the best; indeed, this I expected, from
the strong affinity of chlorine for silver.
I will now describe the manipulation which has been employed by Mr.
Gassiot, and myself, in the laboratory of the London Institution, with
very uniform success. A wooden frame is prepared, having two grooves at
0·2 of an inch distance, into which can be slid the plate to be etched,
and a plate of platinum of the same size. To ensure a ready and equable
evolution of hydrogen, this latter is platinized after Mr. Smee's method;
for, if the hydrogen adhere to any part of the cathode, the opposite
portions of the anode are proportionably less acted on. The back and edges
of the Daguerreotype are varnished with a solution of shell-lac, which is
scraped off one edge to admit of metallic connexion being established.
The wooden frame with its two plates is now fitted into a vessel of glass
of porcelain, filled with a solution of two measures hydrochloride acid,
and one distilled water, (sp. gr. 1.1), and two stout platinum wires,
proceeding from a single pair of the nitric acid battery, are made to
touch the edges of the plates, while the assistant counts the time; this,
as before stated, should not exceed thirty seconds. When the plate is
removed from the acid, it should be well rinsed with distilled water; and
will now (if the metal be homogeneous) present a beautiful sienna-colored
drawing of the original design, produced by a film of the oxychloride
formed;--it is then placed in an open dish containing a very weak solution
of ammonia, and the surface gently rubbed with, very soft cotton, until
all the deposit is dissolved; as soon as this is effected, it should be
instantly removed, plunged into distilled water, and carefully dried. The
process is now complete, and a perfect etching of the original design
will be observed; this, when printed from, gives a positive picture, or
one which has its lights and shadows as in nature; and which is, in this
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
The Daguerreian Journal, Vol. I, No. 8, March 1, 1851 — John Shaqi
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