The Daily Newspaper: The History of Its Production and Distibution — John Shaqi
The Daily Newspaper: The History of Its Production and DistibutionAnonymous
History
The Daily Newspaper: The History of Its Production and Distibution
Anonymous
Newspapers -- History; Printing
It would be impossible to leave this department without a reference
to a minor one partially connected with it--that having charge of the
premiums. It is desired, as far as possible, to give some return for
all favors done. But here arises a difficulty. Most of these favors are
simply because of the goodwill of the performers, and any direct return
would be anything but pleasing to them. Thus the rule has been made
that those who desire to work for prizes must, in some way, indicate
their desire, and the manner considered most satisfactory is to have
the words "In competition" written on the top of all letters containing
money intended for the prizes. The names of those who send such letters
are entered in a separate book ruled in columns, and the remittances
are recorded one after the other, so that when the last is sent in the
total can be checked in an instant. The number of prizes given in a
year is nothing inconsiderable. The following is merely a partial list
of what were sent out in the winter of 1877-78:--236 pairs of skates;
30 gold lockets; 125 gold rings; 40 photograph albums; 82 Pool's
weather glass and thermometer combined; 6 magic lanterns; 4 McKinnon
pens; 298 chromos of Lady Dufferin and 327 of the Earl of Dufferin.
[Illustration: GRAVERS' TOOLS]
A new and growing department in the WITNESS office, but quite unique
as regards daily newspapers, is the one where the wood-engravings are
made. Next to the reporter, whose materials, except those carried in
the head, consist of a cedar lead-pencil, a few sheets of paper and a
penknife, his are the least troublesome and expensive used in almost
any line of business. To bring out all the beautiful effects obtainable
in wood-engraving the only tools used are about thirty "gravers'
tools," most of them triangular in shape, ground down to a sharp point.
The material used is boxwood, cut across the log, joined in small
pieces so perfectly that the place of junction cannot be distinguished,
and polished to a perfect state. On this the design to be followed is
drawn. The engraver may either be an artist or not. If an artist, he
will, as he pursues his work, alter and improve an imperfect drawing
in its minor and imperfect details, as may be necessary; putting in
a little light here, darkening a shade there, and almost invariably
turning out a pleasing picture. If not an artist, he will "follow his
copy, even if it goes out of the window," as a compositor would say,
copying beauties and defects with the same unconcern, and producing a
picture even from a good drawing with as little spirit or soul as the
block on which he works--a "wood-cut," not an "engraving." It will be
understood that all wood-engravings are made in relief, that which is
to be printed being allowed to remain, the lights being cut away. If
this were merely all, the work would not be very difficult; but more is
required. The block must be lowered at places to give very light and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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