The Dance Festivals of the Alaskan Eskimo — John Shaqi
The Dance Festivals of the Alaskan EskimoHawkes, Ernest William
Religion
The Dance Festivals of the Alaskan Eskimo
Hawkes, Ernest William
Eskimos -- Alaska; Indian dance -- North America
On the first day of the Great Feast the villagers welcome the guests.
Early in the morning they begin to arrive. The messenger goes out on
the ice and leads them into the village, showing each where to tie his
team. During the first day the guests are fed in the kasgi. They have
the privilege of demanding any delicacy they wish. After this they are
quartered on various homes in the village. Salmon or meat must also
be provided for their dogs. This is no small item, and often taxes the
resources of a village to the utmost. I have known of a village so
poor after a period of prolonged hospitality that it was reduced to
starvation rations for the rest of the winter.
Immediately on tying up their dogs, the guests go to the kasgi. On
entering each one cries in set phraseology, "Ah-ka-ka- Piatin,
Pikeyutum." "Oh, ho! Look here! A trifling present." He throws his
present on a common pile in front of the headman, who distributes them
among the villagers. It is customary to make the presents appear as
large as possible. One fellow has a bolt of calico which he unwinds
through the entrance hole, making a great display. It may be thirty
yards long. Sometimes they accompany the gift with a short dance. It
is considered bad form for one coming from a distance[23] not to make
the usual present, as in this way he purchases the right to join in
the festival dances.
[23] During the inter-tribal festivals, guests are given seats of
honor next to the headman of the village according to the distance
from which they have come. The back of the room (kaan), the place of
honor, is reserved for this purpose.
As soon as all are gathered in the kasgi, a feast is brought in for
the tired travelers. Kantags of sealmeat, the blackskin of the
bowhead, salmon berries swimming in oil, greens from the hillsides,
and pot after pot of tea take off the edge of hunger. After gorging
themselves, the guests seem incapable of further exertion, and the
remainder of the day is spent in visiting.
THE FEAST GIVERS
The feast givers or n['ae]skut assemble in the kasgi the second day,
and the ceremony proper begins. They range themselves around the
pugyarok or entrance, the chorus and guests occupying the back of the
room and the spectators packing themselves against the walls.
Each feast giver is garbed according to the sex of his dead relative,
not his own, so that some men wear women's clothes and vice versa.
Each bears in his right hand a wand about two feet long
(Kelezruk).[24] This is a small stick of wood surmounted with tufts of
down from ptarmigan (Okozregewik). All are dressed to represent the
totem to which the deceased belongs. One wears a fillet and armlet of
wolfskin (Egoalik); others wear armlets of ermine (Tareak); still
others are crowned with feathers of the raven (Tulua) or the hawk
(Tciakauret).[25] After a short dance they withdraw and the day's
ceremony is finished.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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