World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Turkey -- Gallipoli Peninsula
On the afternoon of the final day the Divisions had only four
battalions apiece remaining upon the Peninsula. They came away in three
groups or trips, the first withdrawing soon after 7 p.m. and getting
off in destroyers and “beetles” without difficulty. But at sunset the
breeze freshened, and it began to blow hard from the south-west, the
quarter to which W Beach was most exposed. The connecting platform
between the shore and the hulks which served as wharves there was
washed away by heavy seas. Still, the second group, and even guns, were
safely taken off about midnight. On V Beach, while the second group
was waiting at eleven o’clock, the Asiatic guns began to bombard, but
fortunately all but two shells fell short into the sea, and only one
man was wounded. Hardly, however, had fifty of the R.N.D. put off to
the _Prince George_ in a “beetle” at 11.30 and got under way for Mudros
with 1500 others, when they felt the dull thud of a torpedo against the
vessel’s side. The torpedo did not explode, but the presence of the
submarine, known to the navy all the evening, added to the anxiety of
the final hours. Starting from Gully Beach, a lighter also went aground
after all had left, and the 160 men had to be landed again and marched
over to W Beach for embarkation.
At 11.30 the final party or rearguard--about sixty men from each
Division--withdrew from the front lines. With bombs and rifle-fire
they had kept up as much noise as they could to conceal the movement
of the rest. Now, leaving lights and devices by which dropping water
filled tins and discharged rifles when the tins were full, they crept
away under cover of officers’ patrols, who maintained a desultory fire,
barred the gates, and connected the mines. About 2.30 all arrived at
the beaches, to find a heavy surf dashing upon the shore. Nevertheless,
though under great stress and peril, by 3.30 the beaches were cleared.
The Military Transport Officer, coming off the _River Clyde_, was the
last man to leave. Time fuses lighted the heaps of abandoned stores,
and exploded masses of ammunition. In all, fourteen of our well-worn
old 15-pounders, a 6-inch gun, and the six old French “heavies” were
abandoned and destroyed. Far worse was the fate of 508 horses and
mules, most of which were killed. All animals and stores might have
been embarked, had it been safe to wait. But the rising storm of that
night was a warning, and, as at Suvla, only by the barest luck in
weather was disaster avoided. The Turks began shelling the beaches
at the first sight of the fires, and continued that unprofitable
expenditure till 6.30 a.m. of January 9. At Helles, as at Suvla and
Anzac, those incalculable Orientals remained ignorant of our departure,
though here expecting it. No doubt they were glad at our going;
naturally, they were glad. And so, by the evacuation, our authorities,
whether political or military, were acting contrary to Napoleon’s maxim
of war: “Never do what you know your enemy wants you to do.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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