Zeno’s ecclesiastical policy demands a word of notice. He was himself
orthodox, but not fanatical: the Church being at the moment grievously
divided by the Monophysite schism, to which the Churches of Egypt and
Palestine had attached themselves, he thought it would be possible and
expedient to lure the heretics back within the fold by slightly
modifying the Catholic statement of doctrine. In 482, though he was in
the midst of his struggle with Theodoric the Amal, he found time to
draft his ‘Henoticon,’ or Edict of Comprehension. The Monophysites held
that there was but one nature in our Lord, as opposed to the orthodox
view, that both the human and the divine element were fully present in
His person. [Sidenote: Zeno’s Henoticon.] Zeno put into his ‘Henoticon’
a distinct statement that Christ was both God and man, but did not
insert the words ‘two natures,’ which formed the orthodox shibboleth.
But his well-meant scheme fell utterly flat. The heretics were not
satisfied, and refused to conform, while the Catholics held that it was
a weak concession to heterodoxy, and condemned Zeno for playing with
schism. The patriarch, Acacius, who had assisted him to draft the
‘Henoticon,’ was excommunicated by the Bishop of Rome, and the churches
of Italy and Constantinople were out of communion for more than thirty
years, owing to an edict that had been intended to unite and not to
divide.
The last years of Zeno’s reign were far more undisturbed by war and
rebellion than its earlier part. He survived till 491, when he died of
epilepsy, leaving no heir to inherit his throne. He had had two sons,
named Leo and Zeno: the first had died, while still a child, in 474; the
second killed himself by evil-living, when on the threshold of manhood,
long ere his father’s death.
The right of choosing Zeno’s successor fell nominally into the hands of
the Senate and people, really into those of the widowed Empress Ariadne
and the Imperial Guard. The daughter of Leo made a wise choice in
recommending to the suffrages of the army and people Anastasius of
Dyrrhachium, an officer of the _silentiarii_,[6] who was universally
esteemed for his piety and virtue.
Footnote 6:
A body-guard, whose duty it was to preserve silence around the
emperor’s private apartments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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