The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
For he calls them here wingless on account of the similarity of the
sound of their name to that of the birds Ππελειάδες. And Myro
herself also speaks in the same manner—
The mighty Jove was nourish'd long in Crete,
Nor yet had any of the heav'nly beings
E'er recognised their king; meanwhile he grew
In all his limbs; and him the trembling doves
Cherish'd, while hidden in the holy cave,
Bringing him, from the distant streams of ocean,
Divine ambrosia: and a mighty eagle,
Incessant drawing with his curved beak
Nectar from out the rock, triumphant brought
The son of Saturn's necessary drink.
Him, when the God of mighty voice had cast
His father Saturn from his unjust throne,
He made immortal, and in heaven placed.
And so, too, did he give the trembling doves (πελειάσιν)
Deserved honour; they who are to men
Winters and summer's surest harbingers.
And Simmias, in his Gorgo, says—
The swiftest ministers of air came near,
The quivering peleiades.
And Posidippus, in his Asopia, says—
Nor do the evening cool πέλειαι set.
But Lamprocles the Dithyrambic poet has also expressly and poetically
said that the word πελειάδες is in every sense synonymous with
περιστεραὶ, in the following lines—
And now you have your home in heaven,
Showing your title with the winged doves.
And the author of the poem called Astronomy, which is attributed to
Hesiod, always calls the Pleiades Πελειάδες, saying—
Which mortals call Peleiades.
And in another place he says—
And now the Peleiades of winter set.
And in another passage we find—
Then the Peleiades do hide their heads;
so that there is nothing at all improbable in the idea of Homer having
lengthened the name Πλειάδες by poetic licence into Πελειάδες.
[Sidenote: MEANING OF PARTICULAR WORDS.]
81. "Since, then, it is demonstrated that it is the Pleiades who
were embossed on the goblet, we must understand that two were affixed
to each handle, whether we choose to fancy that the damsels were
represented under the form of birds or under human form;—at all events
they were studded with stars: and as for the expression, "Around each
there were golden peleiades," we are not to understand that as meaning
around each separate one; for that would make eight in number: but as
each of the handles was divided into two sections, and as these again
were united towards the bottom, the poet has the word ἕκαστος, speaking
as if there were four sections of handles; but if he had said ἑκάτερον,
that would have applied to the fact of their again becoming united at
the highest point which they respectively reach. And accordingly, when
he says—
And curling vines, around each handle roll'd,
Bear two Peleiades emboss'd in gold;
On two firm bases stood the mighty bowl;
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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