The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Philosophy
The Deipnosophists; or, Banquet of the Learned of Athenæus, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Athenaeus, of Naucratis
Civilization, Greco-Roman; Dinners and dining -- Greece; Greece -- Social life and customs; Homosexuality -- Greece
3. But one of the Grammarians who were present, looking on the
preparation of the feast, said,—In the next place, how shall we ever
be able to eat so large a supper? Perhaps we are to go on "during the
night," as that witty writer Aristophanes says in his Æolosicon, where
however his expression is "during the whole night." And, indeed, Homer
uses the preposition διὰ in the same way, for he says—
He lay within the cave stretch'd o'er the sheep (διὰ μήλων);
where διὰ μήλων means "over _all_ the sheep," indicating the size of
the giant. And Daphnus the physician answered him; Meals taken late
at night, my friend, are more advantageous for everybody. For the
influence of the moon is well adapted to promote the digestion of food,
since the moon has putrefying properties; and digestion depends upon
putrefaction. Accordingly victims slain at night are more digestible;
and wood which is cut down by moonlight decays more rapidly. And also
the greater proportion of fruits ripen by moonlight.
[Sidenote: FISH.]
4. But since there were great many sorts of fish, and those very
different both as to size and beauty, which had been served up and
which were still being constantly served up for the guests, Myrtilus
said,—Although all the different dishes which we eat, besides the
regular meal, are properly called by one generic name, ὄψον, still it
is very deservedly that on account of its delicious taste fish has
prevailed over everything else, and has appropriated the name to itself;
because men are so exceedingly enamoured of this kind of food.
Accordingly we speak of men as ὀψοφάγοι, not meaning people who
eat beef (such as Hercules was, who ate beef and green figs mixed
together); nor do we mean by such a term a man who is fond of figs; as
was Plato the philosopher, according to the account given of him by
Phanocritus in his treatise on the Glorious: and he tells us in the
same book that Arcesilas was fond of grapes: but we mean by the term
only those people who haunt the fish-market. And Philip of Macedon was
fond of apples, and so was his son Alexander, as Dorotheus tells us in
the sixth book of his history of the Life and Actions of Alexander.
But Chares of Mitylene relates that Alexander, having found the finest
apples which he had ever seen in the country around Babylon, filled
boats with them, and had a battle of apples from the vessels, so as
to present a most beautiful spectacle. And I am not ignorant that,
properly speaking, whatever is prepared for being eaten by the agency
of fire is called ὄψον. For indeed the word is either identical with
ἐψὸν, or else perhaps it is derived from ὀπτάω, to roast.
5. Since then there are a great many different kinds of fish which
we eat at different seasons, my most admirable Timocrates, (for, as
Sophocles says—
A chorus too of voiceless fish rush'd on,
Making a noise with their quick moving tails.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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