Many of our interests have centered about the problems of adolescence.
We all know that criminalistic tendencies, those which perhaps control
the career of a life time, nearly always first show themselves before
the 19th or 20th year. The physiological aspects of this period are the
ones that have been most frequently dwelled on, but for our purposes
they may be ignored except as they influence the psyche. Overgrowth and
restlessness and other phenomena at this time do not directly create
criminalism. They have first to effect the mental life which directs
action. We have found a fair field for investigation here, and one that
opens up whole vistas of possible usefulness. Various new points of
departure for legal procedure are to be developed from data gathered
concerning this period of life, not the least of which is criticism of
that strange arbitrary discrimination under the law which says that
boys at 17 and girls at 18 are suddenly responsible, mentally formed,
able to properly care for themselves, when a few minutes or days
previously they were not. Our studies show that these age limits were
not based on practical observations of human beings.
Not the least interesting and therapeutically important part of
psychological study of offenders is ascertainment of the mental
mechanisms and mental content which stand in relation to delinquency.
However it may be with older persons, and such experienced men as
Parker in New York suggested that with adults this is a rich field
for endeavor, we have studied many cases of criminalistic tendency in
young people in which the whole trouble centered about some psychically
untoward experience or some mental conflict. From this was developed a
definite antisocial grudge, or at least an antisocial attitude. These
cases, well understood, present some of the most curable criminalistic
causes.
We must pass with bare mention such data as those on obsessional mental
imagery and the formation of mental habits, both of which psychical
phenomena play a considerable part in driving towards delinquency.
To appreciate what sets the mental machinery turning out antisocial
deeds we have to dig deep into many human experiences and many mental
activities.
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