The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern TimesBiese, Alfred
History
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times
Biese, Alfred
Nature; Nature in literature
Rocks give answer to the speech of man, and his words striking
against the caves resound, and from the groves cometh the echo of
his voice. The cliffs of the coast cry out, the rivers murmur,
the hedge hums with the bees that feed upon it, the reedy banks
have their own harmonious notes, the foliage of the pine talks in
trembling whispers to the winds: what time the light south-east
falls on the pointed leaves, songs of Dindymus give answer in the
Gargaric grove. Nature has made nothing dumb; the birds of the
air and the beasts of the earth are not silent, the snake has its
hiss, the fishes of the sea as they breathe give forth their
note.... Have the Basque mountains and the snowy haunts of the
Pyrenees taken away thy urbanity?... May he, who advises thee to
keep silence, never enjoy the singing of sweet songs nor the
voices of Nature ... sad and in need may he live in desolate
regions, and wander silent in the rounded heights of the Alpine
range.
The sounds of Nature are detailed with great delicacy in this appeal,
and we see that the Alps are referred to as desolate regions.
In another letter (25) he reminded his friend of their mutual love,
their home at Burdigala, his country-house with its vine-slopes,
fields, woods, etc., and went on:
Yet without thee no year advanceth with grateful change of
season; the rainy spring passeth without flower, the dog-star
burns with blazing heat, Pomona bringeth not the changing scents
of autumn, Aquarius pours forth his waters and saddens winter.
Pontius, dear heart, seest thou what thou hast done?
Closing in the same tender strain with a picture of his hope
fulfilled:
Now he leaves the snowy towns of the Iberians, now he holds the
fields of the Tarbellians, now passeth he beneath the halls of
Ebromagus, now he is gliding down the stream, and now he knocketh
at thy door! Can we believe it? Or do they who love, fashion
themselves dreams?
The greater inwardness of feeling here, as contrasted with classic
times, is undeniable; the tone verges on the sentimentality of the
correspondences between 'beautiful souls' in the eighteenth century.
Paulinus was touchingly devoted to his former teacher Ausonius, and
in every way a man of fine and tender feeling. He gave himself with
zeal to Christianity, and became an ascetic and bishop.
It was a bitter grief to him that his Ausonius remained a heathen
when he himself had sworn allegiance to Christ and said adieu to
Apollo. There is a fine urbanity and humanity in his writings, but he
did not, like Ausonius, love Nature for her own sake. The one took
the Christian ascetic point of view, the other the classic heathen,
with sympathy and sentiment in addition.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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