The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern TimesBiese, Alfred
History
The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times
Biese, Alfred
Nature; Nature in literature
Paulinus recognized the difference, and contrasted their ideas of
solitude. 'They are not crazed, nor is it their savage fierceness
that makes men choose to live in lonely spots; rather, turning their
eyes to the lofty stars, they contemplate God, and set the leisure
that is free from empty cares, to fathom the depths of truth they
love.'
In answer to his friend's praise of home, he praised Spain, in which
he was living, and many copious descriptions of time and place run
through his other writings[24]; but while he yielded nothing to
Ausonius in the matter of friendship, 'sooner shall life disappear
from my body than thy image from my heart,' he was without his quiet
musing delight in Nature. For her the heathen had the clearer eye and
warmer heart; the Christian bishop only acknowledged her existence in
relation to his Creator, declaring with pride that no power had been
given to us over the elements, nor to them over us, and that not from
the stars but from our own hearts come the hindrances to virtue.
Lives of the saints and paraphrases of the story of creation were the
principal themes of the Christian poets of the fourth and fifth
centuries. In some of these the hermit was extolled with a dash of
Robinson Crusoe romance, and the descriptions of natural phenomena in
connection with Genesis often showed a feeling for the beauty of
Nature in poetic language. Dracontius drew a detailed picture of
Paradise with much self-satisfaction.
Then in flight the joyous feathered throng passed through the
heavens, beating the air with sounding wings, various notes do
they pour forth in soothing harmony, and, methinks, together
praise for that they were accounted worthy to be created.[26]
For the charming legend of Paradise was to many Christian minds of
this time what the long-lost bliss of Elysium and the Golden Age had
been to the Hellenic poets and the Roman elegist--the theme of much
vivid imagery and highly-coloured word-painting.
Eternal spring softens the air, a healing flame floods the world
with light, all the elements glow in healing warmth; as the
shades of night fade, day rises.... Then the feathered flocks fly
joyfully through the air, beating it with their wings in the rush
of their passage, and with flattering satisfaction their voices
are heard, and I think they praise God that they were found
worthy to be created; some shine in snowy white, some in purple,
some in saffron, some in yellow gold; others have white feathers
round the eyes, while neck and breast are of the bright tint of
the hyacinth ... and upon the branches, the birds are moved to
and fro with them by the wind.
This shews careful observation of detail; but, for the most part,
such idyllic feeling was checked by lofty religious thoughts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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