The Devil's picture-booksVan Rensselaer, John King, Mrs.
History
The Devil's picture-books
Van Rensselaer, John King, Mrs.
Playing cards -- History
We find the principal figures from the chess-board reproduced in the
Tarots, and also in some of the Spanish and German packs. There is
the King, the Knight, or mounted horseman, and the Knave. The pawns
or common soldiers are represented by numbers; but there is this
difference between Cards and the game of Chess as it is generally
played,—in the former there are four armies, or as we should call them
“suits,” and each one is headed by the King instead of the two sides
generally seen in Chess. Now, Mr. Chatto remarks that there is an
Indian game of Chess which is called _Chaturanga_, or “The Four Kings,”
in which two allied armies play against the same opponents. He also
gives a few rules for this game. “Having marked eight squares on all
sides,” says the Sage, “place the _red_ army to the east, the _green_
to the south, the _yellow_ to the west, and the _black_ to the north.”
It is worthy of notice that these colours form the ground of four of
the suits of one of the divisions of an eight-suit pack of Hindostanee
cards; and this supports the theory that the painted ivory disks might
have originally been used on the chess-board and then held in the
hand. This strange Indian game of Chess would also point to the first
division of the mimic warriors into four armies, each one distinguished
by its uniform of different colours, which when placed in the cards
became known as “suits.” This word was probably derived from the French
_en suite_, which signifies “to follow.”
There is another game known in which two chess-boards are joined.
“It is played by two persons on each side, each of whom is concerned
to defend his own game at the same time that he co-operates with his
ally to distress by every means in his power the two armies opposed
to them.” “Four-handed Chess” is described in Hoyle’s Book of Games,
which illustrates a board with one hundred and sixty squares. The game
is played with four sets of chessmen, coloured, respectively, white,
black, red, and green, like those of the Indian game.
The Queen, both in Chess and Cards, has a European if not an entirely
French origin. She takes the place of the Eastern Vizir, or General;
and it may be particularly remarked that in the game of Chess she
is more of an Amazon or Joan of Arc than the consort of a reigning
monarch. Her height also is excessive for a woman, in proportion to
the other pieces, and her active duties of harassing the enemy and
protecting her slow-moving husband while leading his army to battle
show that although she is called a Queen she is usurping the position
of a general, who could more appropriately fill this important, active,
and warlike place than she can.
In the Card Kingdom the Queen is a much more lifelike and womanly
person, as in it she aids and abets her sovereign lord and master, and
is generally meekly subordinate to him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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