The dissolution of the monasteries : $b As illustrated by the suppression of the religious houses of StaffordshireHibbert, Francis Aidan
History
The dissolution of the monasteries : $b As illustrated by the suppression of the religious houses of Staffordshire
Hibbert, Francis Aidan
Great Britain -- History -- Henry VIII, 1509-1547; Monasteries -- England -- Staffordshire; Monasteries and state
Monastic hospitality was often grievously abused. No doubt when kings
and other great men lodged in the monasteries they usually made some
acknowledgment. But the Priory of Stone complained to Bishop Norbury
(1322–59) that it was impoverished by the many claims which were
made on its hospitality by travellers of every degree in consequence
of its being _juxta viam regiam_, and in 1382 Burton made a
similar complaint to the Pope. In the early years of Henry VI’s reign
Burton was absolutely insolvent and was put into commission for seven
years.[12]
Many houses had the privilege of holding fairs and markets. Croxden,
Dieulacres, Rocester and Burton did a brisk trade with foreign wool
merchants in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and their wool
was almost unexcelled in England. Edward III once exacted 600 sacks of
wool from Staffordshire at a low rate, and the Croxden annalist says
he failed to pay even that. Sometimes the business transactions of the
monks were questionable: In 1457 the Prior of St. Thomas’s, Stafford,
was sued for £10 damages for having sold a horse _sciens equum illum
in varias infirmitates collapsum et ad laborandum impotentem_.[13]
Sometimes, especially in the case of the friars in the towns, strong
opposition was raised. In 1282 the King had to intervene to protect the
friars minors at Stafford, as it appeared that certain regrators put
hindrances in the way of their purchasing even daily victuals, and at
times even snatched out of their hands what they had bought.[14]
But the religious rendered real services to the towns. Burton grew up
beside the Abbey walls, built very largely under the direction of the
abbots through many generations. Abbot Nicholas built the first street
in the twelfth century, and the fifteenth abbot, Thomas de Felde, built
the great hall in the market place. Later still Abbot Beyne founded the
Grammar School.
Of these houses the following remained till the sixteenth century:
Brewood Nunnery, Burton Abbey, Calwich Priory, Canwell Priory, Croxden
Abbey, Dieulacres Abbey, Dudley Priory, Fairwell Nunnery, Hulton Abbey,
Rocester Abbey, Ronton Priory, Sandwell Priory, St. Thomas’s Priory
at Stafford, St. John’s Priory at Lichfield, Stone Priory, Trentham
Priory, and Tutbury Priory; and the friaries at Lichfield, Stafford
and Newcastle-under-Lyme. It is with the dissolution of these that we
shall be concerned. They were not pre-eminent for size, wealth, vice or
virtue; they did not give to the history of the Reformation any famous
names or contribute any striking episodes. They represent, rather, the
ordinary “rank and file” of the religious houses. For that reason they
are, perhaps, the better worth investigation, because they are typical
of the average.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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