The Early History of English Poor ReliefLeonard, E. M., of Girton College
History
The Early History of English Poor Relief
Leonard, E. M., of Girton College
Poor laws -- Great Britain -- History
The detailed accounts for the poor of Norwich were preserved down to
1580 and show that the organisation was in full working order for
ten years. One of the compilations relating to this organisation was
begun in 1576 and the whole tone of this book shows that the citizens
of Norwich were very proud of their doings in matters concerning the
poor[234]. It is perhaps the only place where the purely municipal
organisation for the poor was successful for any length of time. There
were difficulties again in the seventeenth century but as long as the
first enthusiasm continued the system seems to have worked well.
[234] _The Maiores Booke for the Poore._ See note 1, p. 102.
The work was done thoroughly and placed on a sound basis. The House
of Correction and the select women were maintained by the side of a
sufficient collection for the relief and training of the poor, and,
probably for these reasons, the system continued to be successful as
long as the administrators continued to give it the necessary amount of
supervision.
The citizens of Norwich seem to have partially overcome one of the
principal difficulties of a purely municipal organisation by very
rigorous settlement regulations, quite as severe as any that were ever
enforced after the statute of 1662. For instance a Jane Thornton is to
depart because she "in summer live in the cuntrie but in wint^r charge
the citie," and "Richard Birch and his familie" were to go to Thorpe
though he was not at this time (1570) in receipt of alms. There are
many cases of the same kind and these continue throughout this period
of ten years and occur again in the seventeenth century.
This kind of action with regard to new settlers was not confined to
Norwich but probably extended to all parts of the country where there
was much systematic relief of the poor.
[Sidenote: 3. The action of other towns.]
We will now consider some of the various plans for the relief and
organisation of the poor adopted in other towns.
We will first see how the municipal authorities dealt with settlement;
we will then investigate various methods of dealing with the
unemployed; and lastly we will examine the different ways in which
funds were collected.
[Sidenote: 3. (1) With regard to the settlement of new comers.]
With regard to questions concerning the expulsion of new comers the
statute of Charles II. (13 and 14 Car. II. c. 12) does not appear to
initiate a new custom. Municipal control in this matter begins before
1569. Whenever the town made a vigorous attempt to maintain its own
poor, many efforts were made to prevent new comers from settling within
its borders. Sometimes the landlords were forbidden to subdivide
tenements or build more houses of the poorer sort; sometimes the
citizens were fined for entertaining poor inmates, and sometimes the
inmates themselves were ordered to depart.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account