[243] The total number would be eighty-six if Burton and Aldreth were included. Burton castle is mentioned in Domesday, but there is no further trace of its existence. The castle of Alrehede or Aldreth in the island of Ely is stated by the _Liber Eliensis_ to have been built by the Conqueror, but no remains of any kind appear to exist now. Both these castles are therefore omitted from the list. [244] Exact numbers cannot be given, because in some cases the bounds of the ancient borough are doubtful, as at Quatford. [245] At Winchester and Exeter. For Winchester, see Milner, _History of Winchester_, ii., 194; for Exeter, Shorrt's _Sylva Antiqua Iscana_, p. 7. [246] Colchester is the only exception to this rule, as the castle there is in the middle of the town; but even this is only an apparent exception, as the second bailey extended to the town wall on the north, and had been royal demesne land even before the Conquest. See Round's _Colchester Castle_, ch. vii. [247] These five are Berkeley, Berkhampstead, Bourn, Pontefract, Rayleigh. [248] I am indebted for these measurements to Mr D. H. Montgomerie. [249] Notification in Round's _Calendar of Documents preserved in France_, p. 367. Mr Round dates the Notification 1087-1100. [250] Description furnished by Mr D. H. Montgomerie, F.S.A. [251] "Castrum Harundel T. R. E. reddebat de quodam molino 40 solidos, et de 3 conviviis 20 solidos, et de uno pasticio 20 solidos. Modo inter burgum et portum aquæ et consuetudinem navium reddit 12 libras, et tamen valet 13. De his habet S. Nicolaus 24 solidos. Ibi una piscaria de 5 solidos et unum molinum reddens 10 modia frumenti, et 10 modia grossæ annonæ. Insuper 4 modia. Hoc appreciatum est 12 libras. Robertus filius Tetbaldi habet 2 hagas de 2 solidis, et de hominibus extraniis habet suum theloneum." Several other _hagæ_ and _burgenses_ are then enumerated. (D. B., i., 23a, 1.) [252] See Mr Round's remarks on the words in his _Geoffrey de Mandeville_, Appendix O. The above was written before the appearance of Mr Round's paper on "The Castles of the Conquest" (_Archæologia_, lviii.), in which he rejects the idea that _castrum Harundel_ means the castle. [253] See _ante_, p. 28. [254] Florence of Worcester mentions the castle of Arundel as belonging to Roger de Montgomeri in 1088. [255] See Appendix R. [256] The expenses entered in the _Pipe Rolls_ (1170-1187) are for the works of the castle, the chamber and wall of the castle, the _houses_ of the castle (an expression which generally refers to the keep), and for flooring the tower (turris) and making a garden. _Turris_ is the usual word for a keep, and is never applied to a mere mural tower. [257] This gateway is masked by a work of the 13th century, which serves as a sort of barbican. [258] In operibus castelli de Arundel 22_l._ 7_s._ 8_d._ Et debet 55_l._ 18_s._ 6_d._ _Pipe Roll_, 31, Henry I., p. 42. [259] D. B., i., 23a, 1.