Great Britain -- History -- Plantagenets, 1154-1399; Plantagenet, House of
The two or three years that followed the rebellion were the period of
Henry’s longest stay in England. He came in April 1175, and stayed
until August 1177 after a year spent in Normandy and Anjou he returned
in 1178, and stayed until the end of June 1180; after which, although
he paid several long visits to England, his absences were much longer.
These years were periods of great activity in political matters. The
number of councils that he held, the variety of public business that
he despatched in them, the series of changes intended to promote the
speedy attainment of justice, the unfailing purpose which he showed
of fulfilling the pledge which in his early days he had given to his
people, all these come out in the simple details of the historian with
remarkable fulness. Henry was not at this time, or ever after, a happy
man; his son Henry, nominally reconciled, was constantly intriguing
against him with his father-in-law, Lewis, and the discontented lords
of the foreign dominion. He took up the part of an advocate of local
rights and privileges, and headed confederations against his father,
and against his brother Richard as the oppressor of the barons of
Poictou. He complained that his father treated him meanly, not giving
enough money, and jealously refusing him his share of power. The father
treated him generously and patiently, but he could not trust him, and
did not pretend to do so.
[Sidenote:
Queen
Eleanor.
]
Queen Eleanor, too, was now imprisoned, or sequestered from her husband
in honorable captivity. This great lady, who deserves to be treated
with more honor and respect than she has generally met with, had
behaved very ill to her husband in the matter of the rebellion; and,
although he occasionally indulged her with the show of royal pomp and
power, he never released her from confinement or forgave her. She was
a very able woman, of great tact and experience, and still greater
ambition; a most important adviser whilst she continued to support
her husband, a most dangerous enemy when in opposition. Her political
intrigues in the East, when she accompanied her first husband on the
Crusade, had made him contemptible, and that Lewis never forgave her.
But her second husband was made of sterner stuff. He took and kept the
upper hand; it was only after his death that Eleanor’s real powers
found room for play; and had it not been for her governing skill while
Richard was in Palestine, and her influence on the Continent during the
early years of John, England would have been a prey to anarchy, and
Normandy lost to the house of Anjou long before it was.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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