1869 pages 47-72.) But the above distance would be very far from sufficient to prevent intercrossing: cabbages have been known to cross at several times this distance; and the careful Gartner gives many instances of plants growing at from 600 to 800 yards apart fertilising one another. (5/9. ‘Kenntnis der Befruchtung’ 1844 pages 573, 577.) Professor Hoffman even maintains that the flowers of the kidney-bean are specially adapted for self-fertilisation. He enclosed several flowers in bags; and as the buds often dropped off, he attributes the partial sterility of these flowers to the injurious effects of the bags, and not to the exclusion of insects. But the only safe method of experimenting is to cover up a whole plant, which then never suffers. Self-fertilised seeds were obtained by moving up and down in the same manner as bees do the wing-petals of flowers protected by a net; and crossed seeds were obtained by crossing two of the plants under the same net. The seeds after germinating on sand were planted on the opposite sides of two large pots, and equal-sized sticks were given them to twine up. When 8 inches in height, the plants on the two sides were equal. The crossed plants flowered before the self-fertilised in both pots. As soon as one of each pair had grown to the summit of its stick both were measured. TABLE 5/53. Phaseolus multiflorus. Column 1: Number (Name) of Pot. Column 2: Crossed Plants. Column 3: Self-fertilised Plants. Pot 1 : 87 : 84 6/8. Pot 1 : 88 : 87. Pot 1 : 82 4/8 : 76. Pot 2 : 90 : 76 4/8. Pot 2 : 82 4/8 : 87 4/8. Total : 430.00 : 411.75. The average height of the five crossed plants is 86 inches, and that of the five self-fertilised plants 82.35; or as 100 to 96. The pots were kept in the greenhouse, and there was little or no difference in the fertility of the two lots. Therefore as far as these few observations serve, the advantage gained by a cross is very small. Phaseolus vulgaris.