Not isolation or being alone, but society, is man's original state. Our
existence begins with the most intimate conjunction, as we are already
living with our mother before we breathe; when we see the light of the
world, we at once lie on a human being's breast again, her love cradles
us in the lap, leads us in the go-cart, and chains us to her person with
a thousand ties. Society is our _state of nature_. And this is why, the
more we learn to feel ourselves, the connection that was formerly most
intimate becomes ever looser and the dissolution of the original society
more unmistakable. To have once again for herself the child that once
lay under her heart, the mother must fetch it from the street and from
the midst of its playmates. The child prefers the _intercourse_ that it
enters into with _its fellows_ to the _society_ that it has not entered
into, but only been born in.
But the dissolution of _society_ is _intercourse_ or _union_. A society
does assuredly arise by union too, but only as a fixed idea arises by a
thought,--to wit, by the vanishing of the energy of the thought (the
thinking itself, this restless taking back all thoughts that make
themselves fast) from the thought. If a union[203] has crystallized into
a society, it has ceased to be a coalition;[204] for coalition is an
incessant self-uniting; it has become a unitedness, come to a
standstill, degenerated into a fixity; it is--_dead_ as a union, it is
the corpse of the union or the coalition, _i. e._ it is--society,
community. A striking example of this kind is furnished by the _party_.
That a society (_e. g._ the society of the State) diminishes my
_liberty_ offends me little. Why, I have to let my liberty be limited by
all sorts of powers and by every one who is stronger; nay, by every
fellow-man; and, were I the autocrat of all the R......, I yet should
not enjoy absolute liberty. But _ownness_ I will not have taken from me.
And ownness is precisely what every society has designs on, precisely
what is to succumb to its power.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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