Empresses -- Rome -- Biography; Women -- Rome -- Biography
Eager for fresh victories, he transferred his delirious court to Gaul,
and declared that he was proceeding against the fierce Germans. The
tribes were not in revolt, and the whole expedition was a comedy; some
of the Roman writers say that a few tame captives were conveyed across
the river and hunted, so that the Emperor might truthfully inform the
Senate that he had gained a victory and merited a triumph. Suetonius
even adds that, when he did eventually return to Rome and celebrate his
triumph, a few slaves were forced to learn a little German and dye
their hair, to pose as conquered tribesmen before his chariot. In the
meantime, events which concern us more closely were happening at Lyons.
The extravagance of Caligula was rapidly emptying the treasury. In
twelve months he spent 2,700 million sesterces. His baths were of the
most precious ointments; his banquets were especially designed to
waste money--one alone cost £80,000, in modern coinage--and, when the
flow was not fast enough, he drank pearls dissolved in vinegar, and
had gold fashioned in the shape of food and served to his guests. He
disdainfully swept the palaces of Octavian and Tiberius, with other
mansions, from the Palatine, and erected a palace of extraordinary
proportions and barbaric splendour. Such habits drew about him a crowd
of ignoble parasites, and one can well believe that he had discovered a
conspiracy against him at Lyons. He had prostituted the honour of Rome
in a manner so childish and base that few could be unmoved. Observing
the wealth of the Gauls--for Lugdunum (Lyons) was then the centre
of a prosperous and cultivated region--he began to sell to them the
possessions of the Imperial house. He was present at the auction, and
the proceeds were so satisfactory that he sent to Rome for wagon-loads
of furniture, heirlooms, and curios from the Imperial palaces, and, as
they were offered for sale, pointed out himself the historical value of
each object.
In his suite was the first husband of his sister Drusilla. This
distinguished noble, Lepidus, may have exchanged views on the insanity
of the Emperor with the disgusted Gauls. At all events, Caligula sent
word to the Senate that he had discovered a plot against his life,
and added that his sisters, Livilla and Agrippina, had been convicted
of adultery with Lepidus. He put Lepidus to death, and compelled
Agrippina, a proud and spirited young princess, to carry on foot to
Rome the urn containing the ashes of her alleged lover. We shall see
how, on his return to Rome, Caligula made atonement to vice for this
drastic punishment of adultery. In fact, he already had a mistress in
the Court at Lyons, and this lady now displaces Lollia Paulina, and
becomes the fourth Empress of Rome.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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