In Anglo-Saxon these words were more numerous than they are at present. The
following list is taken from the Cambridge Philological Museum, ii. 386.
_Intrans. Infinitive._ _Trans. Infinitive._
Yrnan, _to run_ Aernan, _to make to run_.
Byrnan, _to burn_ Baernan, _to make to burn_.
{293}
Drincan, _to drink_ Drencan, _to drench_.
Sincan, _to sink_ Sencan, _to make to sink_.
Liegan, _to lie_ Lecgan, _to lay_.
Sittan, _to sit_ Settan, _to set_.
Dr['i]fan, _to drift_ Draefan, _to drive_.
Feallan, _to fall_ Fyllan, _to fell_.
Weallan, _to boil_ Wyllan, _to make to boil_.
Fleogan, _to fly_ A-fligan, _to put to flight_.
Beogan, _to bow_ B['i]gan, _to bend_.
Faran, _to go_ Feran, _to convey_.
Wacan, _to wake_ Weccan, _to awaken_.
All these intransitives form their praeterite by a change of vowel, as
_sink_, _sank_; all the transitives by the addition of _d_ or _t_, as
_fell_, _fell'd_.
III. Verbs derived from nouns by a change of accent; as _to surv['e]y_,
from a _s['u]rvey_. For a fuller list see the Chapter on Derivation. Walker
attributes the change of accent to the influence of the participial
termination _-ing_. All words thus affected are of foreign origin.
IV. Verbs formed from nouns by changing a final sharp consonant into its
corresponding flat one; as,
_The_ use _to_ use, _pronounced_ uze.
_The_ breath _to_ breathe -- breadhe.
_The_ cloth _to_ clothe -- clodhe.
* * * * *
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CHAPTER XIX.
ON THE PERSONS.
s. 348. Compared with the Latin, the Greek, the Moeso-Gothic, and almost
all the ancient languages, there is, in English, in respect to the persons
of the verbs, but a very slight amount of inflection. This may be seen by
comparing the English word _call_ with the Latin _voco._
_Sing._ _Plur._ _Sing._ _Plur._
1. Voc-_o_. Voc-_amus_. Call. Call.
2. Voc-as. Voc-_atis_. Call-est. Call.
3. Voc-at. Voc-_ant_. [44]Call-eth. Call.
Here the Latins have different forms for each different person, whilst the
English have forms for two only; and even of these one (_callest_) is
becoming obsolete. With the forms of _voco_ marked in italics there is, in
the current English, nothing correspondent.
In the word _am_, as compared with _are_ and _art_, we find a sign of the
first person singular.
In the old forms _tellen_, _weren_, &c., we have a sign of the plural
number.
In the Modern English, the Old English, and the Anglo-Saxon, the
peculiarities of our personal inflections are very great. This may be seen
from the following tables of comparison:--
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