[5] Striking examples of these lynches may be seen from the railroad at Luton in Bedfordshire, and between Cambridge and Hitchin, as well as in various other parts of England. They may be seen often on the steep sides of the Sussex Downs and the Chiltern Hills. Great numbers of them are to be noticed from the French line between Calais and Paris. In some cases on the steep chalk downs, terraces for ploughing have evidently been artificially cut; but even in these cases there must always have been a gradual natural growth of the lynches by annual accretion from the ploughing. In old times, in order to secure the turning of the sod downhill, the plough, after cutting a furrow, returned as stated one way idle; but in more recent times a plough called a 'turn-wrist plough' came into use, which by reversing its share could be used both ways, to the great saving of time. [6] The number of parcels held by each owner was as follows:-- Owner Parcels No. 1 38 2 35 3 28 4 25 5 3 6 8 7 4 8 28 9 6 10 1 11 10 12 2 13 5 14 5 15 8 16 7 17 2 18 1 19 12 20 1 21 3 22 1 23 4 24 0 25 0 26 1 27 1 28 0 29 1 30 3 31 2 32 1 33 3 34 6 35 4 36 1 37 2 38 2 39 1 40 1 41 6 42 3 43 2 44 1 45 1 46 2 47 7 48 1 ────── Total 289 [7] _Hyginus de Condicionibus Agrorum._ _Die Schriften der Römischen Feldmesser_ (Lachmann, &c.), i. p. 114. 'Nam invenimus sæpe in publicis instrumentis significanter inscripta territoria, ita ut _ex colliculo qui appellatur ille ad flumen illud, et super flumen illud ad rivum illum aut viam illam, et per viam illam ad infima montis illius, qui locus appellatur ille, et inde per jugum montis illius in summum, et super summum montis per divergia aquæ ad locum, qui appellatur ille, et inde deorsum versus ad locum illum, et inde ad compitum illius, et inde per monumentum illius, ad locum unde primum cœpit scriptura esse_.' See as an early example, 'Sententia Minuciorum,' _Corpus Inscript. Lat._ i. 199. [8] The lammas meadows are divided into strips like the arable land for the purpose of the hay crop. [9] These Enclosure Acts were as follows:-- Date of Names of Parishes Enclosure whose open fields Acts were thereby enclosed