The Escorial: A Historical and Descriptive Account of the Spanish Royal Palace, Monastery and MausoleumCalvert, Albert Frederick
History
The Escorial: A Historical and Descriptive Account of the Spanish Royal Palace, Monastery and Mausoleum
Calvert, Albert Frederick
Escorial
The Sacristy contains a number of paintings, including a work by El
Greco, the ‘Dream of Philip II.’ This eccentric genius painted for some
time at the Escorial; but his gifts were not fully appreciated by the
royal patron, who seems to have possessed a preference for the work of
the Italian romancists rather than the bold, truthful productions of the
stronger Spanish School of painters. In the hall will be seen several
pictures by artists of Spain: among others are works by Zurbarán and
Ribera, while foreign painters are represented by Tintoretto, Titian,
Guido Reni, and Paul Veronese. Tintoretto’s work was painted for a
church in Venice, but came into the hands of King Charles I. of England,
and was purchased for Philip IV. of Spain after the downfall of Charles.
The subject is ‘Washing the Apostles’ Feet.’ Some beautiful needlework
is preserved in the Sacristy, designed by Navarrete, and worked by the
monks. The altar of the Sacristy has carvings in marble upon the screen,
and a painting by Coello, containing portraits of several notable
persons, including Charles II. Coello worked for about six years upon
this picture, which was first undertaken by Rizzi, who was overtaken by
death during his labours.
Surrounding all the altars of the church are paintings of more or less
interest, which principally demonstrate the Italian influence. Luis de
Carbajal is the painter of several of these pictures. He was the pupil
of Juan Villoldo, a very mannered artist, and a follower of Navarrete.
Below the Choir will be found a painting of Carbajal, ‘Sixtus and St.
Blasius,’ and another of his works is in the Capilla, also representing
saints. Navarrete, Coello, and Tibaldi, are among the other painters of
the altar-pieces in the various chapels.
The pulpits of the Capilla Mayor are very ornate. They were made under
Ferdinand VII. from various marbles and stone, with decorations of
polished metal, and the designs were prepared by Urquiza.
IV
THE ROYAL MONASTERY
On the south side of the church is the Patio de los Evangelistas, the
Court of the Evangelists, a square of 166 feet, with two-storied
cloisters in the Grecian style. The Hieronymite Order of Monks have
always regarded the cloisters of their abbeys with the same reverence as
the interior of the buildings, and the galleries of the Court of the
Evangelists are resorts for quiet meditation and devotion. An
ornamented, vaulted ceiling is supported upon arches and pillars; there
are windows of tinted glass, and wall pictures, and a series of niches
for altars. In each of the niches or ‘stations’ the walls are adorned
with paintings. Monegro’s statues of the Apostles are in the court, and
there are four fountains of marble and beds of flowers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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