The essentials of mysticism, and other essaysUnderhill, Evelyn
Religion
The essentials of mysticism, and other essays
Underhill, Evelyn
Mysticism
Further, in reckoning up the value of the mystics to the church as a
whole, we sometimes forget the extent to which that church is indebted
to mystic intuition for the actual data upon which her corporate life is
based. Christianity, it is true, is fundamentally a historical religion;
but it is also a religion of experience, and its very history deals
quite as much with the events which attend human intercourse with the
Transcendent and Eternal as with concrete and visible happenings in
space and time. The New Testament is thick with reports of mystical
experiences. The Fourth Gospel and the Epistles of St. Paul depend for
their whole character on the soaring mystical genius their writers
possessed. Had St. Paul never been caught up to the third heaven, he
would have had a very different outlook on the world, and Christianity
would have been a different religion in consequence. Had the Fourth
Evangelist never known what it was to feel the sap of the Mystic Vine
flow through him, his words would have lacked their overwhelming
certitude. So, too, the liturgies bear the stamp of mystical feeling,
and most of the great religious concepts which the church has gradually
added to her store come from the same source. If we ask ourselves what
the history of the church would be without the history of her mystics,
then we begin to see how much of her light and colour emanates from
them; how much of her doctrine represents their experience translated
into dogmatic form. That communion with—that feeding on—the Divine Life
which she offers to every believer in the Eucharist is the central fact
of their existence. From Clement of Alexandria downwards, again and
again they appeal to Eucharistic images in order to express what it is
that really happens to the soul immersed in contemplative prayer. “I am
the food of the full-grown,” said the voice of God to St. Augustine.
“Every time we think with love of the Well-beloved, He is anew our meat
and drink,” says Ruysbroeck. So, too, the church’s language concerning
new birth, divine sonship, regeneration, union with Christ, and the
whole concept of grace, regarded as a transcendent life and love
perpetually pressing in on humanity—all this is of mystical origin, and
represents not the speculations but the concrete experience of the great
mystics. They are pushed out, as it were, by the visible church like
tentacles, to explore the unseen world which surrounds her, and drawn
back again to her bosom that they may impart to the whole body the more
abundant life which they have found. Were it not for the unfailing
family of the mystics, thus perpetually pushing out beyond the
protective edges of the organism, and bringing back official
Christianity into direct touch with the highest spiritual values, and so
constantly reaffirming the fact—by them felt and experienced—of the
intimate correspondence, the regenerating contact of God with the soul,
the church would long ago have fallen victim to that tendency to relapse
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