The essentials of mysticism, and other essaysUnderhill, Evelyn
Religion
The essentials of mysticism, and other essays
Underhill, Evelyn
Mysticism
experiences of the greatest mystics the personal category appears to be
transcended. “The light in the soul which is increate,” says Eckhart,
“is not satisfied with the three Persons, in so far as each subsists in
its difference ... but it is determined to know whence this Being comes,
to penetrate into the Simple Ground, into the Silent Desert within which
never any difference has lain.” The all-inclusive One is beyond all
partial apprehensions, though the true values which those apprehensions
represent are conserved in it. However pantheistic the mystic may be on
the one hand, however absolutist on the other, his communion with God is
always personal in this sense: that it is communion with a living
Reality, an object of love, capable of response, which demands and
receives from him a total self-donation. This sense of a double
movement, a self-giving on the divine side answering to the self-giving
on the human side, is found in all great mysticism. It has, of course,
lent itself to emotional exaggeration, but in its pure form seems an
integral part of man’s apprehension of Reality. Even where it conflicts
with the mystic’s philosophy—as in Hinduism and Neoplatonism—it is still
present. It is curious to note, for instance, how Plotinus, after
safeguarding his Absolute One from every qualification, excluding it
from all categories, defining it only by the icy method of negation,
suddenly breaks away into the language of ardent feeling when he comes
to describe that ecstasy in which he touched the truth. Then he speaks
of “the veritable love, the sharp desire” which possessed him, appealing
to the experience of those fellow mystics who have “caught fire, and
found the splendour there.” These, he says, have “felt burning within
themselves the flame of love for what is there to know—the passion of
the lover resting on the bosom of his love.”
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