The Ethics of Medical Homicide and MutilationO'Malley, Austin
Religion
The Ethics of Medical Homicide and Mutilation
O'Malley, Austin
Medical ethics
Thomas Fienus, a physician and a professor in the University of
Louvain, in 1620 published a book[25] in which he held that the soul
is infused about the third day after conception, and his argument
for the early advent of the soul is very sound. As a result of
Fienus's revolutionary argument, Florentinus in 1658 brought out a
book at Lyons, called _De Hominibus Dubiis Baptizandis_, in which he
held that no matter what the age of the aborted fetus, if it could
be differentiated from a mole it should be baptized. This book was
brought before the Congregation of the Index. The congregation did
not condemn the book, but the author was forbidden to teach that his
doctrine holds _sub gravi_. The book went through many editions and
was approved by the faculties of the principal universities and the
theologians of the leading religious orders.
[25] _De Vi Formatrice Foetus Liber._
Zacchias, chief physician to Innocent X., in 1661 published his
_Questiones Medico-Legales_, and in this he maintained that "the
human fetus has not at any time any kind of soul other than a
rational, and this is created by God at the first moment of
conception, and is then infused."[26] By 1745 the opinion of
Zacchias as to the moment life begins was virtually general among
physicians, and has since remained the doctrine of physicists. Modern
discoveries by biologists have confirmed the fact that human life
exists in the impregnated ovum exactly as it does in all stages of
life, and no scientist holds any other opinion. There are, however,
a few moralists at the present day who incline to the old Thomistic
doctrine or to modifications of it.
[26] Tom. ii, lib. ix, tr. 1.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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