As cognate forms, we find BRUGES, Esten-BRUG, Coppen-BRUGGE, BRUGG, BRIG, Inns-BRUCK, Del-BRUCK, Konigs-BRUCK, Hers-BRUCK, BRUCK, BRUCKEN-au. BRED, BREAD (Anglo-Saxon), _border_, _shore-bank_.—BREAD-sale, BRET-by clump, BRED-hurst, BRED-field, BRED-sted. BRAD (Anglo-Saxon), _broad_, _expansive_, _the expansion of a river in a flat country_, _a lake so formed_.—Outton-BROAD, Braydon-BROAD, BREYDON-water, Mut-ford-BROAD. BROC (Anglo-Saxon), _a brook_, _a rushing stream_.—BROX-ash, BROX-bourne, Ock-BROOKE, Cole-BROOKE, Ful-BROOK, Wam-BROOK, Mill-BROOK, BRUCK-land. We find the same root in Rad-BROCK, Alten-BROCK, Ooster-BROCK, Wester-BROCK, Strad-BROKE. BRUOCH (old High German), and BRUCH (German), evidently cognate forms, signify a _bog_ or _marsh_, _e.g._—Alten-BRUCH, BRUCH-sal, BRUCH-berg and BRUSSELS (BRUSCHELS). CEOL, CIOL (Anglo-Saxon), KEOL (Danish), _a ship_.—KIEL, KIELER-fiord, CULEN-burg, and KUYLEN-burg. CRUNDEL (Anglo-Saxon), _a water-course_, “a spring or well with its cistern, trough, or reservoir to receive water.”—GRINDLE, GRINDLA-ton, GRINDLES-mere, CRON-DALL, Crow’s CRUNDEL, Cradwan CRUNDEL (Crowden FARM). COMBER (Scandinavian), KUMPR (Old Norse), _a running sheet of water_; and hence it enters into combination with the names of places bordering on ponds and water-troughs.—COMBER-ton, COMBER-mere, COMBER-bach. DAM, from DAMMEN (German), _to bank, dam_.—Amster-DAM, (Armstel-DAM), Rotter-DAM, Saar-DAM, Schie-DAM, &c. DELVE (English), _to dig_.—DELVE is a local word, signifying a _quarry_ or _ditch_.—DELVEN-au and DELFT. DIC (Anglo-Saxon), _a ditch, dike, or river_.—Wans-DIKE, Wran-DYKE, DISH, Flen-DISH (Flamin-DIC), Cars-DYKE, Hague-DIKE, DYCK-buttel, Wolvers-DYKE, &c. DIUPR, DIUP (Scandinavian), _deep_.—It is often applied to parts of the sea, and to rivers.—DIEPPE, DIUPA, DEPE-dale, Hollands-DIEP, Mars-DIEP. We also find Linn DEEPS. DUB (Scandinavian), _a pool or piece of water_ (from DYB, (Danish), _deep_).—Ash-DUB, the ash-pool. EFES, EVES (Anglo Saxon), _the bank of a river, a border, edge of a mountain_.—EAVES-ham, Habergham-EAVES, EVES-batch, EVES-knoll. ELF (Scandinavian), _a river_.—ELFS-burg, ELFS-nabben, Kong-ELF, ELF-karle-by, ELBE, ALB, &c. FIORD (Danish), FIORTH (Old Norsk), FIRTH (Scotch), _an inlet of the sea, a bay, a station for ships_.—FIRTH of Forth, FIRTH of Tay. (Frith is a mis-spelling for Firth.) The FORD in Mil-FORD, Haver-FORD, Water-FORD, is not to be confounded with FORD, a _passage_, but is another form of the Scandinavian FIORD, in Kieler-FIORD, Ecken-FIORD, Laxe-FIORD, &c. FORD, FORT, FYRD (Anglo-Saxon), FORTH (Scandinavian), _a passage through a stream_.