All places do not admit of explanation. Those ending with _Ing_ or having after it Ham or Ton, are derived from the names of tribes, families, or individuals. The subject is naturally divided into— I.—_The Descriptive Element._ (_a_) Names of Personages (Historical or Mythical). (_b_) Animals. (_c_) Vegetables. (_d_) Minerals. (_e_) Adjectives. II.—_The General Element._ (_a_) Water, River, Brook, &c. (_b_) Mountain, Hill, &c. (_c_) Valley, Plain, &c. (_d_) Habitations. DIVISION I. DESCRIPTIVE ELEMENT. (_A_) NAMES OF TRIBES, FAMILIES, INDIVIDUALS, AND GODS. (_a_) _Tribes._ (1) GERMAN.—This name was not applied to the people of Germany by themselves, but they received it from the Celts on account of their terrible _war cry_. The root of the word is the Celtic verb _Gairmean_, “to cry out.” (2) DUTCH (_Deutsch_).—This term, which is now applied to the people of Holland, is literally an adjective signifying “popular” (Diut-isc). It was originally applied to the _language_ of the Teutonic people in order to distinguish it from the Latin. The word TEUTONES, the Latin form of the native word Theotisci, _Teutisci_, &c., is derived from the Gothic root _Diut_, a “people or nation.” It occurs in the modern name TEUT-o-berger. The following tribes have left their names as an element of local nomenclature:— (3) ANGRIVARI, in ANGERN, ENGERN, ANGER-munde. (4) ANGLES, in ANGLES-ey, ENG-land, ANGELN, HUNGER-ford (ANGLES-ford). (5) ARAVISCI in the river RAAB, anciently ARABO. (6) BURGUNDIANS, in BURGUNDY. (7) CHERUSCI (_Crherstini_) in the HARTZ mountains, HARTZ-burg, and HERZ-burg. The root seems to be the Gothic _Har_, _Haruc_, “a temple.” In the poem of Beo-Wulf it occurs as the name of the great palatial hall of Hrothgar. (8) CAUCI, in CUX-haven. (9) CATTI, in HESSE. (10) EUDOSES, in EYD-er, EUD-ing, and DOSSE. (11) FRISIANS, in FRIES-land, FRIS-by, and FRIS-thorpe. (12) GOTHS, in GOTH-land, GOTHEN-burg, GOTH-a. (13) LANGOBARDI, in LOMBARDY, BARDEN-gan, BARD-wick. (14) MONAVI (_Menapi_), in MAN, MONA, and MENAI straits. (15) SAXONS, in Es-SEX (East Saxons), Sus-SEX (South Saxons), Middle-SEX (Middle Saxons), HOLSTEIN—_i.e._, Holt SASSEN, or Olt SASSEN, “Old Settlers.” The inhabitants of Holstein were called HOLSATI or Holzati, from the Platt-Deutsch _Sitten_, _Satten_ “to sit.” (16) SUIONES, SUEVI, in SWEDEN, SUABIA, ODER, at one time called SUEVUS, and the VIADRUS, whose mouth is still called SWINE-mund. (17) SUARDONES, in SCHWART-au. (18) THURINGI, in THURINGIAN-wald. (19) RUGII, in the island of RUGEN. (20) LEMOVII, in the river LEBA. (21) DULGIBINI, in the river DULMEN. (22) SITONES, in SIGTUN, SITUN. (_b_) _Families._