The Evidence in the Case: A Discussion of the Moral Responsibility for the War of 1914, as Disclosed by the Diplomatic Records of England, Germany, RussiaBeck, James M. (James Montgomery)
Philosophy
The Evidence in the Case: A Discussion of the Moral Responsibility for the War of 1914, as Disclosed by the Diplomatic Records of England, Germany, Russia
Beck, James M. (James Montgomery)
World War, 1914-1918 -- Causes
_propose some method_ by which the four Powers should be
able to work together to keep the peace of Europe. I pointed
out, however, that the Russian Government, while desirous of
mediation, regarded it as a condition that the military
operations against Servia should be suspended, as otherwise
a mediation would only drag on matters _and give Austria
time to crush Servia_. It was of course too late for all
military operations against Servia to be suspended. In a
short time, I supposed, the Austrian forces would be in
Belgrade, and in occupation of some Servian territory. But
even then it might be possible to bring some mediation into
existence, if Austria, while saying that she must hold the
occupied territory until she had complete satisfaction from
Servia, stated that she would not advance further, pending
an effort of the Powers to mediate between her and Russia.
The only reply that England received to this reiterated request that
Germany take the lead in suggesting some acceptable peace formula was
set forth in a dispatch from Sir E. Goschen from Berlin to Sir Edward
Grey:
I was informed last night that they (the German Foreign
Office) had not had time to send an answer yet. To-day, in
reply to an inquiry from the French Ambassador as to whether
the Imperial Government had proposed any course of action,
_the [German] Secretary of State said that he felt that time
would be saved by communicating with Vienna direct, and that
he had asked the Austro-Hungarian Government what would
satisfy them. No answer had, however, yet been returned._
The Chancellor told me last night that he was "pressing the
button" as hard as he could, and that he was not sure
whether he had not gone so far in urging moderation at
Vienna that matters had been precipitated rather than
otherwise.[71]
[Footnote 71: See English _White Paper_, No. 84.]
The Court of Public Opinion unfortunately is not favored in the German
_White Paper_ with the text of its communication on this subject to
Vienna, nor is it given any specifications as to the manner in which
the German Chancellor "pressed the button."
What the world knows without documentary proof is that Austria
continued its military preparations and operations and that Russia
then ordered a general mobilization. The only assurance which Russia
received from Austria as a result of the alleged "pressing of the
button" is set forth in the following dispatch from the Russian
Ambassador at Vienna to Sazonof, dated July 31st:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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