The Expositor's Bible: The Book of ProverbsHorton, Robert F. (Robert Forman)
Religion
The Expositor's Bible: The Book of Proverbs
Horton, Robert F. (Robert Forman)
Bible. Proverbs -- Commentaries
But there is a further distinction to be drawn, and in attempting to
make it plain we may determine the place of the Proverbs in the general
scheme of the inspired writings. Human life is a sufficiently large
theme; it includes not only social and political questions, but the
searchings and speculations of philosophy, the truths and revelations of
religion. From one point of view, therefore, wisdom may be said to
embrace the Law and the Prophets, and in a beautiful passage of
Ecclesiasticus[6] the whole covenant of Jehovah with Israel is treated
as an emanation of wisdom from the mouth of the Most High. Wisdom was
the inspiration of those who shaped the law and built the Holy House, of
those who ministered in the courts of the Temple, and of those who were
moved by the Holy One to chide the faults of the people, to call them to
repentance, to denounce the doom of their sin, and proclaim the glad
promise of deliverance. Again, from this large point of view Wisdom
could be regarded as the Divine Philosophy, the system of thought and
the body of beliefs which would furnish the explanation of life, and
would root all the decisions of ethics in eternal principles of truth.
And this function of Wisdom is presented with singular beauty and power
in the eighth chapter of our book, where, as we shall see, the mouth of
Wisdom shows that her concern with men is derived from her relation with
the Creator and from her comprehension of His great architectural design
in the construction of the world.
Now, the wisdom which finds expression in the bulk of the Proverbs
must be clearly distinguished from wisdom in this exalted sense. It is
not the wisdom of the Law and the Prophets; it moves in a much lower
plane. It is not the wisdom of chap. viii., a philosophy which
harmonizes human life with the laws of nature by constantly connecting
both with God.
The wisdom of the Proverbs differs from the wisdom of the Prophets in
this, that it is derived not directly, but mediately from God. No
special mind is directed to shape these sayings; they grow up in the
common mind of the people, and they derive their inspiration from
those general qualities which made the whole nation in the midst of
which they had their birth an inspired nation, and gave to all the
literature of the nation a peculiar and inimitable tone. The wisdom of
the Proverbs differs, too, from the wisdom of these introductory
chapters in much the same way; it is a difference which might be
expressed by a familiar use of words; it is a distinction between
Philosophy and Proverbial Philosophy, a distinction, let us say,
between Divine Philosophy and Proverbial Philosophy.
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