The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Arguments are urged, with the utmost vehemence, against the education
of poor children in the charity schools, though there hath not one just
reason been offered against the provision made for that education. The
things that have been objected against it are not, in fact, true;
and nothing ought to be regarded, by serious and wise men, as a
weighty or just argument, if it is not a true one. How hath Catiline
the confidence left to look any man in the face, after he hath spent
more confidence than most mens whole stock amounts to, in saying, that
this pretended charity has, in effect, destroyed all other charities,
which were before given to the aged, sick, and impotent.
It seems pretty clear, that if those, who do not contribute to any
charity school, are become more uncharitable to any other object than
formerly they were, their want of charity to the one, is not owing to
their contribution to the other. And as to those who do contribute
to these schools; they are so far from being more sparing in their
relief of other objects, than they were before, that the poor widows,
the aged and the impotent do plainly receive more relief from them,
in proportion to their numbers and abilities, than from any the
same numbers of men under the same circumstances of fortune, who do
not concern themselves with charity schools, in any respect, but in
condemning and decrying them. I will meet Catiline at the Grecian
coffee-house any day in the week, and by an enumeration of particular
persons, in as great a number as he pleaseth, demonstrate the truth of
what I say. But I do not much depend upon his giving me the meeting,
because it is his business, not to encourage demonstrations of the
truth, but to throw disguises upon it; otherwise, he never could have
allowed himself, after representing the charity schools as intended to
breed up children to reading and writing, and a sober behaviour, that
they may be qualified to be servants, immediately to add these words, a
sort of idle and rioting vermin, by which the kingdom is already almost
devoured, and are become every where a public nuisance, &c. What? Is
it owing to the charity schools, that servants are become so idle,
such rioting vermin, such a public nuisance; that women-servants turn
whores, and the men-servants robbers, house-breakers, and sharpers? (as
he says they commonly do). Is this owing to the charity schools? or,
if it is not, how comes he to allow himself the liberty of representing
these schools as a means of increasing this load of mischief, which is
indeed too plainly fallen upon the public? The imbibing principles of
virtue hath not, usually, been thought the chief occasion of running
into vice. If the early knowledge of truth, and of our obligations to
it, were the surest means of departing from it, nobody would doubt,
that the knowledge of truth was instilled into Catiline very early,
and with the utmost care. It is a good pretty thing in him to spread
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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