The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Ful. I am convinced of the narrowness of my own understanding, and am
going to visit some persons, with whom I shall be more upon the level.
Hor. You will give me leave to wait upon you to your coach,
Madam.----Pray, Cleomenes, what is it you have got in your head?
Cleo. Nothing at all: I told you before, that I was so entirely
recovered from my folly, that few people went my lengths. What jealousy
you entertain of me I do not know; but I find myself much improved in
the social system. Formerly I thought, that chief ministers, and all
those at the helm of affairs, acted from principles of avarice and
ambition; that in all the pains they took, and even in the slaveries
they underwent for the public good, they had their private ends, and
that they were supported in the fatigue by secret enjoyments they
were unwilling to own. It is not a month ago, that I imagined that
the inward care and real solicitude of all great men centered within
themselves; and that to enrich themselves, acquire titles of honour,
and raise their families on the one hand, and to have opportunities on
the other of displaying a judicious fancy to all the elegant comforts
of life, and establishing, without the least trouble of self-denial,
the reputation of being wise, humane, and munificent, were the
things, which, besides the satisfaction there is in superiority and
the pleasure of governing, all candidates to high offices and great
posts proposed to themselves, from the places they sued for: I was
so narrow minded, that I could not conceive how a man would ever
voluntarily submit to be a slave but to serve himself. But I have
abandoned that ill-natured way of judging: I plainly perceive the
public good, in all the designs of politicians, the social virtues
shine in every action, and I find that the national interest is the
compass that all statesmen steer by.
Hor. That is more than I can prove; but certainly there have been such
men, there have been patriots, that without selfish views have taken
incredible pains for their country's welfare: nay, there are men now
that would do the same, if they were employed; and we have had princes
that have neglected their ease and pleasure, and sacrificed their
quiet, to promote the prosperity and increase the wealth and honour
of the kingdom, and had nothing so much at heart as the happiness of
their subjects.
Cleo. No disaffection, I beg of you. The difference between past and
present times, and persons in and out of places, is perhaps clearer
to you than it is to me; but it is many years ago, you know, that it
has been agreed between us never to enter into party disputes: what I
desire your attention to, is my reformation, which you seem to doubt
of, and the great change that is wrought in me. The religion of most
kings and other high potentates, I formerly had but a slender opinion
of, but now I measure their piety by what they say of it themselves
to their subjects.
Hor. That is very kindly done.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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