The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Cleo. When in a starry night with amazement we behold the glory
of the firmament, nothing is more obvious than that the whole, the
beautiful all, must be the workmanship of one great Architect of power
and wisdom stupendous; and it is as evident, that every thing in the
universe is a constituent part of one entire fabric.
Hor. Would you make a jest of this too.
Cleo. Far from it: they are awful truths, of which I am as much
convinced as I am of my own existence; but I was going to name
the consequences, which Lord Shaftsbury draws from them, in order
to demonstrate to you, that I am a convert, and a very punctual
observer of his Lordship's instructions, and that, in my judgment
on the poor woman's conduct, there is nothing that is not entirely
agreeable to the generous way of thinking set forth and recommended
in the Characteristics.
Hor. Is it possible a man should read such a book, and make no better
use of it! I desire you would name the consequences you speak of.
Cleo. As that infinity of luminous bodies, however different in
magnitude, velocity, and the figures they describe in their courses,
concur all of them to make up the universe, so this little spot
we inhabit is likewise a compound of air, water, fire, minerals,
vegetables, and living creatures, which, though vastly differing from
one another in their nature, do altogether make up the body of this
terraqueous globe.
Hor. This is very right, and in the same manner as our whole species is
composed of many nations of different religions, forms of government,
interests and manners that divide and share the earth between them;
so the civil society in every nation consists in great multitudes of
both sexes, that widely differing from each other in age, constitution,
strength, temper, wisdom and possessions, all help to make up one
body politic.
Cleo. The same exactly which I would have said: now, pray Sir, is not
the great end of men's forming themselves into such societies, mutual
happiness; I mean, do not all individual persons, from being thus
combined, propose to themselves a more comfortable condition of life,
than human creatures, if they were to live like other wild animals,
without tie or dependance, could enjoy in a free and savage state?
Hor. This certainly is not only the end, but the end which is every
where attained to by government and society, in some degree or other.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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