The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits — John Shaqi
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public BenefitsMandeville, Bernard
Philosophy
The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits
Mandeville, Bernard
Charity-schools -- Early works to 1800; Ethics -- Early works to 1800; Virtue -- Early works to 1800
Among the doting admirers of this liquid poison, many of the meanest
rank, from a sincere affection to the commodity itself, become dealers
in it, and take delight to help others to what they love themselves,
as whores commence bawds to make the profits of one trade subservient
to the pleasures of the other. But as these starvelings commonly drink
more than their gains, they seldom, by selling, mend the wretchedness
of condition they laboured under while they were only buyers. In the
fag-end and outskirts of the town, and all places of the vilest resort,
it is sold in some part or other of almost every house, frequently in
cellars, and sometimes in the garret. The petty traders in this Stygian
comfort, are supplied by others in somewhat higher station, that keep
professed brandy shops, and are as little to be envied as the former;
and among the middling people, I know not a more miserable shift for
a livelihood than their calling; whoever would thrive in it must, in
the first place, be of a watchful and suspicious, as well as a bold
and resolute temper, that he may not be imposed upon by cheats and
sharpers, nor out-bullied by the oaths and imprecations of hackney
coachmen and foot soldiers: in the second, he ought to be a dabster
at gross jokes and loud laughter, and have all the winning ways to
allure customers and draw out their money, and be well versed in the
low jests and raileries the mob make use of to banter prudence and
frugality. He must be affable and obsequious to the most despicable;
always ready and officious to help a porter down with his load, shake
hands with a basket woman, pull off his hat to an oyster wench, and
be familiar with a beggar; with patience and good humour he must be
able to endure the filthy actions and viler language of nasty drabs,
and the lewdest rakehells, and without a frown, or the least aversion,
bear with all the stench and squalor, noise and impertinence, that
the utmost indigence, laziness, and ebriety, can produce in the most
shameless and abandoned vulgar.
The vast number of the shops I speak of throughout the city and
suburbs, are an astonishing evidence of the many seducers, that, in
a lawful occupation, are accessary to the introduction and increase
of all the sloth, sottishness, want, and misery, which the abuse of
strong waters is the immediate cause of, to lift above mediocrity
perhaps half a score men that deal in the same commodity by wholesale,
while, among the retailers, though qualified as I required, a much
greater number are broke and ruined, for not abstaining from the
Circean cup they hold out to others, and the more fortunate are
their whole lifetime obliged to take the uncommon pains, endure the
hardships, and swallow all the ungrateful and shocking things I named,
for little or nothing beyond a bare sustenance, and their daily bread.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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