The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological StudyMalinowski, Bronislaw
History
The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological Study
Malinowski, Bronislaw
Aboriginal Australians -- Social life and customs; Ethnology -- Australia; Families -- History
Curr uses the term _tribe_ in place of our _local group_. In his
general work on Australia he gives a definition of tribe which
quite agrees with what we called local group.[380] "By the word
tribe I mean a number of men closely allied by blood, and living
in the strictest alliance, offensive and defensive, who, with
their wives and children, occupy, practically in common, and in
exclusion of others, a tract of country...." Everybody must respect
the customs of his tribe; and as no one may live apart from the
tribal community, "there is no alternative between compliance with
tribal custom and death."[381] "Although the lands of a tribe are
_nominally_ parcelled out amongst its members, it is the fact that
they are used in common, and for several reasons must have always
been used so." First, because for mutual protection the tribesmen
must have often associated. Secondly, because of the economic
conditions the tribe often was compelled to feed on a given
spot.[382]
[380] It is used here in agreement with G. C. Wheeler,
Spencer and Gillen, Howitt, etc.
[381] Curr, _A.R._, i. pp. 61, 62.
[382] _Ibid._, pp. 64, 65.
Angas, describing his travels in the Murray River district, tells
that he met several times with native encampments; from the passage
in question[383] we may infer that they were small groups. He
says[384] that on the seaside (Encounter Bay), on the lakes, and on
the Murray banks, where means of subsistence were fairly easy, the
local groups were numerous. But this information is very loose.
[383] _Loc. cit._, i. p. 74.
[384] _Loc. cit._, i. p. 81.
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