The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological StudyMalinowski, Bronislaw
History
The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological Study
Malinowski, Bronislaw
Aboriginal Australians -- Social life and customs; Ethnology -- Australia; Families -- History
Schürmann states shortly: "Each family occupies a separate hut;
and, if there be any unmarried men, they sleep apart in a hut of
their own."[488]
[488] Woods, p. 222.
Henderson says about the New South Wales natives, "Each family has
its own gunya and fire."[489]
[489] _Loc. cit._, p. 109.
George Barrington observes that among the Port Jackson natives each
hut was occupied by one family.[490]
[490] _Loc. cit._, p. 82.
When the families who formed a "tribe" (= local group?) meet "each
family has its own fire and provides its own substance."[491]
In the description of his travels Dawson tells us that when the
native party was joined by a stranger with his wife the latter did
not approach the other men, but slept alone by herself at a small
fire.[492] This points to the fact that a married woman normally
never slept in the immediate neighbourhood of any other man but her
own husband.
[491] R. Dawson, p. 327. Port Stephens Blacks.
[492] _Loc. cit._, p. 249.
Spencer and Gillen affirm, again, the complete isolation of
families who, according to them,[493] normally roam scattered on
the territory of the local group. "Each family, consisting of a
man and one or more wives and children, occupies always a mia-mia,
which is merely a lean-to of shrubs, so placed as to shield the
occupants from the prevailing wind." This statement is perfectly
clear, and we may fit it into the general picture we drew from all
the other evidence.
[493] _Nat. Tr._, p. 18.
Among the natives of Central Australia (probably of the Arunta
nation) a married woman "may speak to any but the young men."[494]
Thus she is practically excluded from any intercourse with them.
[494] _J.A.I._, xxiv. p. 183 (W. H. Willshire in Prof.
Frazer's _Questions_).
Among the natives of Moreton Bay the conjugal relation is
maintained by them "with great decency and propriety, every family
having its separate hut and fire."[495]
[495] J. D. Lang, _loc. cit._, p. 337.
A very clear and concise statement is given on this point by the
Rev. J. Mathew, referring to the Kabi and Wakka tribes. "The
family, consisting of husband and wife, or wives, with their
children, constituted a distinct social unit. They occupied
the same gunya (dwelling), they ate together, they travelled
together."[496] After having described the construction of the hut
he adds: "This sufficed for a family. The dwellings were placed a
little distance apart, facing in the same direction, and each had
its own small fire in front."[497]
[496] _Loc. cit._, p. 153.
[497] _Loc. cit._, p. 84.
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