The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological StudyMalinowski, Bronislaw
History
The Family among the Australian Aborigines, a Sociological Study
Malinowski, Bronislaw
Aboriginal Australians -- Social life and customs; Ethnology -- Australia; Families -- History
"I have observed that upon the northern coasts of Australia the
amount of the population upon a certain tract of country is great
or small in proportion to the quantity of _vegetable_ food it
produces. However abundant animal food may be, a toilsome search
for edible roots gives almost constant occupation to a portion
of every tribe. Women and children labour for hours together,
with no other implement than a pointed stick, in following up the
creeping stem of the wild yam through the earth until the root
is arrived at, often at a depth of six or eight feet below the
surface. A certain proportion of vegetable food appears, indeed,
to be absolutely necessary to their existence, and they willingly
forego the use of the animal food, if this more grateful diet can
be obtained in sufficient abundance."[890]
[890] Earl, p. 251.
We are informed that among the Bunya-Bunya people (Turrubul and
kindred tribes, South East Queensland) the woman had all the heavy
work to do.[891]
[891] Petrie, p. 61.
Among the aborigines of Moreton Bay, women have to erect the huts
and provide vegetable food for the whole party, as the men only
have to supply fish and game.[892]
[892] B. Field, p. 75.
We owe a good description of the division of labour on the march
to Mathew: "When shifting from one campingground to another they
usually moved slowly through the bush, the families separating
and gathering their food on the way--opossums, bandicoots, honey,
grubs, birds, and so forth. At other times they marched along
singly, the lords of creation stepping out with elastic tread and
graceful bearing, carrying their light weapons with perhaps some
game, the weaker vessel loaded with the chattels and possibly a
baby on the back in a loop of a rug or sitting stride-leg on a
shoulder. Some would carry live fire-sticks to save the trouble of
producing fire by friction. Arrived at the familiar, well-chosen
rendezvous, it was the duty of the women to cut the bark of the
humpies (dwellings) and prepare the fires."[893] Further on we
read: "The women were skilled in the manufacture of nets and of
dillie-bags made of grass or twine."[894] "The man's chief home
duties consisted in cooking and eating. He would also spend much
time in fashioning his weapons."[895]
[893] _Loc. cit._, p. 83.
[894] _Ibid._, p. 82.
[895] _Ibid._, p. 86.
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