Introductory remarks (p. 207).--Belief in totemic conception existing among the Central tribes (pp. 208, 209).--Absence of knowledge concerning physiological procreation (pp. 209, 210).--Some important points discussed (pp. 210 _sqq._)--(1) The ignorance in question complete (pp. 210, 211).--(2) In particular no idea of _individual paternal_ consanguinity (pp. 211, 212).--(3) Analysis of the aboriginal ideas about reincarnation (pp. 212-217).--Conclusion: absence of "consanguinity" (in the social sense) among the Central tribes (pp. 217, 218).--_Beliefs in which some kinship ideas are expressed_ (pp. 218 _sqq._).--Among the Northern tribes special close tie between spirit-child and father (Gnanji, Umbaia and other Northern-Central tribes) (pp. 218-220).--Pre-established kinship involved in the belief concerning reincarnation and return of dead people (pp. 220-225).--Customs of the _couvade_ type (pp. 225, 226).--Geographical extension of the nescience of physiological fatherhood (pp. 226, 227).--Two North Queensland beliefs involving a clear idea of spiritual tie between a father and his child (pp. 227-229).--Other examples (pp. 229, 230).--Survey of the beliefs of the South-Eastern tribes possessing the idea of paternal consanguinity (in the social sense) (pp. 230-232).--Summary (pp. 232, 233). CHAPTER VII PARENTS AND CHILDREN I. _The first maternal cares and suckling of the infant_ (pp. 234 _sqq._). Statements (pp. 235, 236).--Close ties between mother and her offspring during infancy and early childhood (pp. 236, 237). II. _The relation between parents and children during childhood_ (pp. 238 _sqq._). Statements (pp. 238-249).--Affirmation of a close tie of affection and devotion between parents and children (pp. 249, 250).--Illustrations drawn from concrete facts (pp. 250, 251).--Applicable to both the father and mother; to female as well as to male children (p. 251).--Great leniency of treatment (pp. 252, 253).--Bearing of the affection of both parents to their children upon the relation between husband and wife (pp. 253, 254).--No data for assuming the existence in Australia of _patria potestas_ as a legal form (p. 254).--Lack of information as to the actual character of the paternal authority in Australia (pp. 254-256).--Rudiments of education (pp. 256, 257). III. _Children at puberty removed from their parents' camp, and consequent weakening of the relationship_ (pp. 257 _sqq._). Marriage of females at puberty (pp. 257-259).--Great disparity of age between husband and wife (pp. 259, 260).--Statements (pp. 260-262).--Boys at puberty and afterwards (pp. 262 _sqq._).--Statements (pp. 262-267).--Boys undergoing initiation; their life in a special camp ("bachelors' camp") (pp. 267-269). IV. _The life-long permanence, nevertheless, of the tie between parents and children_ (pp. 269 _sqq._).