10. _Californicum_ Milde. Plants of various appearance, now 15 inches high and 4 lines wide, now 7½ to 8 feet tall and 8 lines wide, 25-40 angled; the ridges with two distinct rows of tubercles or occasionally with transverse bands of silex, the grooves abundantly supplied with rosulæ, either in regular rows or scattered, often indistinct on old stems because of a heavy deposit of silex; sheaths as broad as long, with a broad or narrow black or dark brown ring just above the base, an ashy band in the middle and another usually narrow dark band at top. In young plants the sheaths are usually concolorous with the stem save for the terminal band; leaves linear, 3-angled with two rows of tubercles on the middle angle; commissural groove narrow, slightly or not at all widened above; teeth persistent, dark brown, firm, united two-thirds their height by brown borders; or brown-centered, flexuous, membranous-bordered, united or free, or early deciduous, leaving only a small dark brown spot at the tip of the leaves; branches none or few, short or up to 18 inches long, fruited or not, on the upper part of old stems. Type. California _Balfour_, 1854. I have seen it from the following localities: California: Sacramento, _Wilkes Exp._ (Sheaths black, teeth persistent, near var. _Javanicum_); Berkeley, _W. C. Blasdale_ (very stout, often with two rows of stomata); San Rafael, _Munson & Hopkins_ (like last, but with one row of stomata). Arizona: Cedar Ranch, _MacDougal_. Nevada: Humboldt Mts., _Watson_. Utah: Fish Lake, _Jones_; Glenwood, _Ward_. Idaho: Peter Creek, _Sandberg_; Salmon, _Henderson_. Oregon: Port Discovery, _Wilkes Exp._ Washington: Tacoma, _Flett_; Klickitat Co., _Suksdorf_. British Columbia: New Westminster, _A. J. Hill_. (No rosulæ, occasionally two rows of stomata, extraordinarily thick coating of silex.) Except the Berkeley and San Rafael plants these can be told from _robustum_ only by aid of the microscope to see the tubercles and rosulæ. Though specimens vary considerably in appearance, the presence or absence of teeth, the size and intensity of the rings, a parallel can usually be found in a good series of _robustum_. 11. _Doelli._ Stems 1½ to 2½ feet high, erect, dark green, 10 to 20 angled, the ridges with two rows of tubercles or short crossbands, the former predominating; grooves with irregular rows of rosettes; sheaths entirely black or with a narrow ashy band which is broader the second year; the leaves plainly 4 angled through the grooving of the central ridge; teeth persistent or becoming broken in age, rigid, erect, dark brown or black, grooved in the center, with narrow white margins and usually deciduous filiform tips. Somewhat resembles a robust _E. trachyodon_, which it is quite near.