The corpse, having been prepared for burial by being dressed in its best
robe, is laid upon the floor, the mother or nearest relation taking the
head upon her lap and leading in the mourning. But, before this, all the
relations put on their oldest rags and as few of them as decency will
allow. The most civilized among them, unwilling to disrobe, often turn
their dresses inside out. Owing to the peculiar climate bodies are not
usually kept long. The funeral sometimes takes place within twelve or
even eight hours after death.
From the stories of natives one must conclude that premature burial is
far from uncommon. The short interval which custom allows between death
and burial is a partial explanation. And it may also be accounted for
among many tribes by the frequency of religious trance, mistaken for
death. The trance is usually self-induced, for the purpose of reading
the future, or when they commune with the spirit of the moon; but the
practice would probably make them subject to involuntary trance. They
have abundant opportunity of proving the fact of premature burial, since
they so frequently exhume the bodies of the dead; sometimes they find
the body in an altered position. There are various reasons for exhuming
the bodies of the dead. Sometimes the spirit of the departed is
dissatisfied with the grave and becomes troublesome to the living,
subjecting them to annoyance and injury until the body is placed in
another grave. If the departed was a person of small importance the
people may resent these posthumous activities and seek to disable the
spirit by exhuming the body and throwing it into the sea, after cutting
off the head. Among the interior tribes the body is frequently exhumed
in order to obtain the brains or the skull for fetish purposes. Thus the
evidences are found of premature burial.
But, besides the haste with which they bury their dead, and the
frequency of the trance, there is still another explanation of premature
burial. They are disposed to regard a person as dead as soon as he
becomes unconscious, although the heart may still be perceptibly
beating. They cannot dissociate the personal spirit from seeing, hearing
and feeling. They will therefore say of the unconscious one that he, the
person, is gone, and that only the life of the body is left; and they
will lose no time in preparing for the funeral.
The spirit of the deceased knows all that is going on and is supposed to
be very sensitive in regard to the amount of mourning and the details of
the funeral. Among the Fang, the wives of a man who has died, when they
are not put to death, are often beaten severely to augment their sorrow,
and they are compelled to go entirely naked for a length of
time—sometimes a whole year. No one must speak to them, nor give them
food.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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