The Fijians: A Study of the Decay of CustomThomson, Basil
History
The Fijians: A Study of the Decay of Custom
Thomson, Basil
Ethnology -- Fiji; Fijians
Every tribe has its own distinctive war-cry, or rather death-cry, for it
is shouted only when giving the death-blow to an enemy. Though this is
distinct from the name of the tribe, and very seldom uttered, it is so
firmly fixed in the mind of every tribesman that, even in these days,
when it has not been heard, perhaps, for a whole generation, every
full-grown member of the tribe can remember the word. In Land Inquiries
I made a point of asking what was the death-cry of each claimant, and
also of questioning witnesses regarding its origin. Many of the words
appeared to be place-names, though the places could not be identified,
and few of the words could be translated, nor did any have any relation
to warfare. In not a single case could a witness offer any explanation
except that the word had been handed down by the ancestors of old time,
and the origin must therefore remain in doubt. The memory of the
death-cry is as tenacious as that of the tribal _tauvu_.
The mode of treating for peace varied with the district. Sometimes a
woman of high rank, dressed in gala costume, was presented to the
victors with a whale's tooth in her hand; sometimes an ordinary _mata_
was deputed to carry the whale's tooth. In Vatulele and other places a
basket of earth was presented in token that the soil, and all that it
produced, was at the disposal of the conqueror. The terms, especially in
cases of the last of these _soro_, were hard; the vanquished were
reduced, not merely to tribute-bearers, but to actual serfs and
kitchen-men. In a single generation their very physical bearing was
changed.
The Investiture of Koroi
The religious ceremony of _Koroi_ deserves attention as having, as far
as I am aware, no parallel among other primitive races, though the
native converts profess to see in it a close resemblance to the
Christian rite of baptism. It was rather an investiture of knighthood
for prowess in battle, accompanied with the knightly preparation of
fasting and vigil.
Every warrior who has slain his man, woman, or child in battle is
entitled to the honour, and takes a new name with the prefix _Koro-i_
(_lit._, "Village of"). Every time his club is blooded the ceremony is
repeated and a new name conferred, so that it was not uncommon for a
warrior to change his name four times or even oftener. In olden times
the slayer of ten bore the prefix _Koli_ (Dog), and the slayer of twenty
_Visa_ (Burn), but as the influx of foreigners began to check war, these
honours were granted upon easier terms. There is a proverb bearing upon
these honours: "The slayer of ten closes one house; the slayer of twenty
closes two houses."
I have tried in vain to have light thrown on the origin of this
institution, which, being religious in character, and under the control
of the priests, must have had its foundation in some historical
tradition.
Waterhouse, who seems to have been an eye-witness, thus describes the
ceremony as practised at Mbau:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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