The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U. S. National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 210Oliver, Smith Hempstone
History
The First Quarter-Century of Steam Locomotives in North America: Remaining Relics and Operable Replicas with a Catalog of Locomotive Models in the U. S. National Museum. United States National Museum Bulletin 210
Oliver, Smith Hempstone
Locomotives -- History
The wheel at Newport is built up of parts, and consists of a large round
hub, 12 round 1¼-inch-diameter spokes, a rim approximately 46 inches in
diameter and 4½ inches wide, and a flanged tire 4¾ inches wide and about
1 inch thick, the flange of which is 2 inches wide on its outside face.
The wheel, therefore, has a diameter of about 48 inches. The spokes are
staggered in the hub and appear to be fastened to it by threaded nuts.
Four keyways are cut into the hole in the hub. The complete history and
exact origin of this wheel, given to the Redwood Library in January 1863
by Isaac P. Hazard of Newport, will probably remain a mystery.
As with other early locomotives, a full sized operable replica of the
_Best Friend_ has been built. The Southern Railway System, which now
includes the old South-Carolina Canal and Rail-Road, in 1928 constructed
a faithful replica of the locomotive at its Birmingham, Ala., shops, and
in the same year reproduced the original tender and several cars at its
shops at Hayne, S. C. (figure 21). A new boiler was installed on the
replica in 1948.
Among the various fairs at which it has been exhibited are those held at
New York in 1939 and 1940 and in Chicago in 1948 and 1949. At present it
is to be seen in the depot of the Chattanooga Station Co. at
Chattanooga, Tenn.
A small, nonoperable model of the _Best Friend_, about 2 feet long
(figure 22), with tender and two cars, was made in the late 1880’s by D.
Ballauf, well known model maker of Washington, D. C. It was first
exhibited at the Cincinnati Centennial Exposition in 1888, after which
it was placed on exhibition in the National Museum (USNM 180244).
Of the _West Point_, the second locomotive built by the West Point
Foundry Association, and the second bought by the South-Carolina Canal
and Rail-Road Co., no relics or replicas are known to exist. A
satisfactory locomotive, it arrived at Charleston on the ship
_Lafayette_ on February 28, 1831. Its final disposition is no longer
known.
[Illustration: Figure 22.—Model of _Best Friend of Charleston_, in
National Museum.]
[Illustration: Figure 23.—Early drawing of _De Witt Clinton_, built
in 1831.]
The third locomotive (figure 23) built by the West Point Foundry
Association, the _De Wilt Clinton_ of the Mohawk and Hudson Rail Road
Co., was the first to run in New York State. Its first public
demonstration was an excursion trip on August 9, 1831, on a 12-mile
stretch of railway between Albany and Schenectady. The distance was
covered in less than one hour. Another notable demonstration, attended
by many public officials, took place on September 24 of the same year.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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